176 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



middle of the hind margin ; the radiating buff stripes cover 

 three-fom-ths of the base of the wing, and there are two rows of 

 small bluish or greenish marginal dots, arranged in pairs. The 

 female has longer, almost entire, wings, and resembles a small 

 Euploea, being brown, with radiating white stripes on the basal 

 third of the fore wings, and a row of small marginal double white 

 spots. There is a white band, divided into long spots, running 

 from the costa of the fore wings at about two-thirds of their 

 length. 



ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PUPA OF ARCTIA CAJA. 

 By Edward Lovett. 



Upon visiting a batch of larvae oi Arctia cry'a, whichi am rearing, 

 I observed through the thin cocoon that one was on the point of 

 exuviating its larval skin, which had split vertically across the 

 head and down between the prolegs, exposing the enclosed pupa. 

 I immediately transferred the specimen to a tube of alcohol, but 

 not before it had quite freed itself from the larval epidermis. 



At this stage of its development the pupa is almost white and 

 very soft, and by preserving it in this way I was enabled to arrest its 

 development at this point. The immature pupa is most remark- 

 able, for its whole appearance corresponds to that of a newly- 

 emerged moth, except in point of colour, or rather scale 

 development. Instead of the usual pupal form, the head, eyes, 

 antenmie, legs and wings are perfectly free, as in the case of the 

 imago, whilst the lower portion of the pupa constitutes the bod}'-, 

 the anal orifice of which is quite conspicuous. 



Upon examination under the microscope I was unable to trace 

 the slightest scale development, but all the limbs had a fleshy, 

 structureless appearance, giving the general idea of a foetus. 

 The wings, however, exhibited numerous vessels ramifying over 

 the whole surface. 



I am inclined to think, from the examination of this specimen, 

 that upon the exuviation of the larval skin the pupa is practically 

 developed into the moth, and that an exudation of a material, 

 somewhat analogous to lac, takes place. This, on exposure, 

 hardens into what we know as the pupal skin or pupa-case, and 

 binds the limbs of the future moth into place. It is then that 



