74 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



part of the head and body is beset with minute warts, and 

 each wart emits a short bi'istle. Colour of the head and body 

 opaque glaucous-green, this colour on each side of the body 

 fading through pale glaucous-green into white, the extreme 

 margin of the lateral dilatation being pure white, and consti- 

 tuting a lateral stripe which has its upper or dorsal margin 

 very indistinctly defined, but its lower or ventral margin 

 abrupt and well marked ; this white stripe encloses the very 

 pale spiracles, and extends the entire length of the larva, 

 commencing at the ocelli close to the mouth, and terminating 

 at the rounded extremity of the anal flap ; the ventral surface, 

 legs and claspers are dark apple-green ; the warts on the 

 dorsal surface are intensely black, and also many of those on 

 the sides and ventral surface, but in these regions there occur 

 white warts also, more especially within the white lateral 

 stripe ; the bristles which they emit are black on the dorsal 

 and generally on the ventral surface, but on the lateral stripe 

 they are mostly white. In July the larva descends the stem 

 of its food-plant, and, fastening itself thereto by a surcingle 

 round the middle, changes to a crescent-shaped pupa of very 

 eccentric appearance, both extremities elongated and pointed, 

 the anterior elevated in the air, the posterior firmly attached 

 by a series of minute hooks to a silken film, previously spun 

 on the stalk of the food-plant ; the back is concave, the wing- 

 cases protruding and forming a semicircular arch in the 

 centre of the ventral surface ; colour pale dingy green, ap- 

 proaching to wainscot-brown : in this state it remains through- 

 out the winter, the butterfly emerging in May. I am indebted 

 to Mr. Buckler for a sup])ly of this larva, and to that gentle- 

 man, as well as to Mr. Doubleday, for some portions of its 

 interesting history. — Edward Newman. 



Description of the Larva of Gonepteryx Rhamni (Brim- 

 stone). — The eggs are laid singly, about the middle of August, 

 on the twigs of lihamnus Frangula and Rhamnus catharticus 

 (buckthorn), the only shrubs on which the larva is known to 

 feed. In the neat hedgerows so common in this country, 

 composed of a mixed growth of whitethorn, blackthorn, oak, 

 maple, hazel, dogwood, and an occasional plant of buck- 

 thorn, it is very interesting to watch the female hovering 

 about the hedge, and selecting, with the most unerring in- 

 stinct, the twigs of buckthorn, though infinitely rarer than 



