THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 127 



a black spot on it, and the last segment is tipped with black ; 

 the penultimate segment, on close inspection, is observed to 

 be slightly dusted with several minute black spots on its ven- 

 tral surface ; when held up to the light the black spots show 

 through the body of the larva, but are somewhat diminished. 

 After feeding a short time the larva undergoes its first moult; 

 when this has taken place the larva may be observed lying 

 motionless, the margins of the upper and under sides of its 

 head being darkish; the remaining part is of the same colour 

 as its body: 2nd segment black; body whitish ; the anterior 

 of dorsal vessel faint reddish : after awhile it recommences 

 feeding, its head in the meantime regaining its original 

 colour; and as it continues feeding, a curious, but gradual, 

 change takes place in the colour of its body, until at length 

 it becomes dull greyish green. It then moults for the second 

 time, when its moiitli becomes light brown, tipped with dull 

 red ; head and 2nd segment black ; body grayish green ; 

 dorsal vessel darkish : after reposing for a short period the 

 colour of its body becomes perceptibly lighter, the dorsal 

 vessel, in the region of the 3rd and 4th segments, assuming a 

 reddish tint ; a day afterwards its body has a clouded ap- 

 pearance; after this it feeds np rapidly, the colour of its 

 body becoming lighter from day to day, until it becomes 

 grayish white ; head, 2nd segment and spots black, and at 

 the base of the under surface of the penultimate segment 

 there are between eight and ten perpendicular black lines ; 

 dorsal vessel dark, so much so as to prevent any reflection of 

 the ventral spots appearing through the body of the larva. 

 At this stage it is full-fed, and it then sets about the con- 

 struction of its elliptic-shaped case ; after having lined a 

 portion of the upper and lower cuticle of the mined part of 

 the leaf with brown silk, it commences cutting out its case, 

 and every now and then, after cutting the leaf for a short dis- 

 tance, it binds the edges of its paitially-formed case together 

 with silk (the ends of it being purposely left open) ; this 

 course is pursued until it has cut out the whole of its case, 

 excepting a small portion at one end ; the larva then retires 

 to the end of its case that is entirely separated from the leaf, 

 and there constructs, on the outside of each side, three or 

 four white, silken, thorn-like projections ; whilst engaged 

 fabricating these the larva protrudes its body some distance 



