C2 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
stomach, as well as into the skin; that the feeces were discharged 
in pellets, and became firmer. The ominous symptoms I have 
often seen in other species, as well as this; and I have invariably 
found that they have run to a fatal termination in twenty-four 
hours. My Atlas, indeed, died; but he survived these symptoms 
seven days, during which they certainly did not grow worse, but 
better; so that, qu. val., my experience confirms the value of 
quinine in this terrible disease of our silkworms, On the last 
day of its life, my caterpillar both ate and crawled on his plant; 
but, on the morning of the 27th of October, I found him fallen to 
the ground, much shrunken, a drop of brown fluid oozing from 
the mouth; but nothing abnormal about the anus. ‘The medicine 
surely arrested this; it did not preserve life, but I think it 
prolonged it. 
COCOON AND PUPA. 
My cultural experiment fell short of the desired result; but, as I began 
it with imported living cocoons, its cycle is almost complete. The Cocoon 
of Atlas (fig. f.)is often rudely bag-shaped, but sometimes long spindle- 
shaped, like that of Cynthia, running up above, however, into a slender 
cord, which embraces the footstalk of a leaf, and below dilating into a thin 
lamina of silk, which is spread over the surface of a leaf. Its form is in 
some measure determined by the concavity of several leaves drawn together, 
to the internal surfaces of which the Cocoon adheres. When it is wholly 
spun, the leaves can be readily stripped away, leaving a permanent im- 
pression of their form and neuration on the silk. 
The Cocoon, omitting the cord and the lamina at the extremities, is 
from two to three inches in length, and about one inch in greatest width. 
Its colour is a light umber, or drab; its surface (independently of the 
impress of leaves) roughly granular, scarcely at all silky or floccose, except 
at the mouth ; its substance thin, parchmenty, very firm; the interior very 
smooth, and even sub-glossy. ‘The upper extremity forms a natural orifice 
for the exit of the moth, made by the convergence of a great number of 
silk-fibres, which are left ungummed, and are thus soft and flossy; the 
summed stiff silk passing up on one side, and contracting into the cord. 
Thus the cocoon is not closed, like those of Bombyx mori, of Telea, of the 
Anthere@ ; but open, like those of A. Cynthia, of the Samia, of the 
Saturnia.« Asa result of this structure, the exit of the imago leaves no 
disturbance behind, no wetness, no disarrangement of these soft fibres, 
such as is the case with Yama-mai, Pernyi, and Mylitta. 
* Viz., of S. pyri, and S. spini; and also of our own S. carpini,—save that the 
second converging dome-fibres of the last-named seem peculiar to this species, 
