246 ‘THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
numerous leaf species it is remarkable that the walnut-inhabiting 
Callipterus juglandicola, which has occurred so sparingly this 
year, and the reed-feeding Hyalopterus arundinis are the only 
species known to feed from the upper surface of the leaf. 
The effect of Aphis attack is often curious and most interesting. 
Some species cause well-marked galls, as the pine-apple-like 
fir galls of Chermes abietis, the elm-leaf galls produced by 
Tetraneura ulmi, Schizoneura ulmi, and S. lanuginosa, the poplar 
leaf-stalk gall of Pemphigus bursarius; mugwort leaves are 
galled by Cryptosiphum artemisie and stitchwort leaves by 
Brachycolus stellarie. Other species mass together, blister, curl, 
or otherwise distort the parts attacked in very peculiar fashions, 
these are numerous, but the curling of our currant-leaves by 
Rhopalosiphum ribis and of our peach and nectarine-leaves by 
Aphis amygdali will serve as familiar examples. The mere 
mention of such species as the green dolphin or pea-louse 
(Siphonophora pisi), the black dolphin or collier (Aphis rumicis), 
the hop fly (Phorodon humuli), the grain or wheat Aphis 
(Siphonophora granaria), the apple louse (Aphis mali), or the 
apple-tree louse or American blight (Schizoneura lanigera), 
the green-fly of our greenhouses, or the vine Phyllowera 
(Phylloxera vastatrix), is sufficient at once to suggest to the 
reader what have at times been the effect of a grand attack. 
The flavour of Siphonophora lactuce, Kalt. (not Rhopalosiphum 
lactuce, Kalt.) is probably well known to all salad-eaters. 
This short sketch calls to mind how worthy our neglected 
plant-lice are of more extended study than they have yet 
received ; in this country more especially, whether we work from 
a scientific or a practical standpoint. Leuwenhoek, Réaumur, 
Bonnet, and De Geer, all gave much attention to these insects. 
Linné described 33 species in the ‘Systema Nature,’ and since 
his time, Schrank, Hausmann, Burmeister, Hartig, Kaltenbach, 
Ratzeburg, and Koch have studied them in Germany; Léon 
Dufour, Signoret, Balbiani, and Lichtenstein in France; Morren 
in Belgium; Passerini in Italy; Zetterstedt in Sweden; and 
Fitch, Shiner, Riley, and others in America; whilst our own 
country has produced Samouelle, Curtis, Walker, Newport, and 
Huxley as labourers towards gathering in the abundant harvest 
of Aphis history. 
Mr. Buckton now epitomizes these stores of varied information, 
