NOTES, CAPTURES, ETC. 139 



came ; now they did not answer. The climate, too, was less 

 severe in winter ; rain had now begun to fall occasionally in 

 summer; when he came there were no dews, now there are; 

 while fifty to a hundred miles to the south beyond the 

 settlement there is no dew yet.* 

 Salt Lake City, April 22, 1873. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NOTES, CAPTURES, &c. 



Vanessa Antiopa at Keymer. — Vanessa Antiopa was 

 captured at Keymer, Sussex, by Robert Chatfield, on 

 April 28th last. There is only one other recorded instaiice 

 of this species having been seen there. This is evidently a 

 hybernated specimen, and is a little worn. — M. Clive- 

 Bayley; 56, Portland Place, London, W. 



CoLiAS Edusa Hybernating as a Larva. — As a contri- 

 bution to the life-history of this butterfly 1 will relate my 

 experience during last winter. I had some larvae, which 

 were hatched in September. These fed all through the 

 winter, except when very cold, when they became quite 

 torpid, and seemed to be almost frozen. I started with 

 thirteen, but these gradually died off"; so that in February I 

 was left with three in their last moult, and two small ones. 

 Some thief of a bird, either a robin or a wren, got through a 

 broken pane, and stole the three large ones at one time. I 

 was then left with the small ones only, one of which nnfortu- 

 nately died ; but the other fed on, and changed to a pupa on 

 April 11th. On May 2nd this produced a fine female imago; 

 so it was but twenty-one days in the penultimate slate. — 

 H. JoBSON ; 7, Reform Terrace, Park Lane, Tottenham, 

 May, 1878. 



Colias Edusa in Spring. — I have to record that three 

 specimens of Colias Edusa were seen flying, on April 22nd, 

 by Mr. W. H. Liversidge, while driving near Ryde, Does 

 n'ot this argue that the insect does hybernate as an imago, 

 whatever it may do in the larva stale .''—Collis Willmott ; 

 194, Mare Street, Hackney, April 29, 1878. 



[Briefly referred lo in last number. — Ed.] 



* The " Reports on the Zoological Collections of Lieut. W. L. Carpenter, 

 made in Colorado during the summer of 1873" (Washington, 1875), goes 

 rather fully into the insect fauna of this district. Baron C. R. Osten Sacken, 

 who notices the galls, refers to three species of oak-galls : some Nematus 

 galls on willows; a species of gall formed hy Aphides (Pemphigus) on the 

 leaf-stalk of the cotton-wood, and from the pupa-shells, found inside the sage- 

 brush gaUs, he refers the gall-maker to the genus Trypeta. — E. A. F, 



