DKSCUIFTIONS OF OAK-GALLS. "221 



found by liim. 1 (blind it myselT in 1869 on April 15th; in 

 the following year al the beginning of May ; and also this 

 year (1871) on Q. pubescens and Q. sessilijlora, but have not 

 yet bred the gall-fly. — G. L. Mayr. 



1 first found the galls of this species in Essex, on July 3rd, 

 1874, but believe it to be widely distributed in Britain, as it 

 occurs in Mr. P. Cameron's list of Sutherlandshire Hynie- 

 noptera. I have collected numerous specimens of these galls 

 in the early summer of every year since, but, like Mayr, have 

 not yet bred the gall-maker. Schlechtendal only bred a 

 single specimen. The insects I have bred have been Synergiis 

 facialis, Hart,, very abundantly in June and July ; S. radiatus, 

 Mayr, with S. facialis, but much more uncommon ; Eurytonia 

 squamea,W\k., commonly; another species of Eurytoina ; 

 Megastigmus dorsalis, Fabr., rarely ; two, if not three, species 

 of Pleromalus ; Eupelmus urozonus, Dim., rarely in July; 

 and two other species (one, commonly) of C/ialcididee, which 

 are unknown to me. Dr. Mayr says Herr Wachtl bred two 

 specimens of Olgnx trilineata, Mayr, from these galls, in 

 February of the second vear. — E. A. Fitoh. 



Fig. !).3. — (iiiUs oi Andrirus shujularh, nnd in section. 



95. Andricus singularis, Mayr. — In the early part of 

 June, this year, 1 found this gall, for the first time, in the 

 neighbourhood of Vienna. It is developed from an axillar, 

 rarely from a terminal, bud of Quercus cerris, and consists of 

 a green, more or less globular, swelling, which is thinly 

 clothed with hairs, and is generally of about the size of a 

 pea: from this two to four, but not more, very small 

 rudimentary leaves are developed. If we cut through the 

 gall in a perpendicular direction we see that it consists of a 

 thick-walled cup, the small cavity of which contains a single 

 brown, moderately hard, inner gall, of which the apex only is 

 free above, whilst everywhere else it is enveloped in the green 

 fleshy cup. in rare case.^ ihe small twigs continue to grow 



