' NOTES, CAPTURES, ETC. 3809 
in small paper pill-boxes, the unglazed sides of which afforded 
foothold. JI had found that the eggs or larve of S. Alope 
escaped mould in such boxes, while others on cloth were 
destroyed. These little boxes were placed in a flat tin box, 
which was deposited in the sawdust beneath the ice, ‘frozen 
sawdust,’ as Prof. Fernald wrote. Five months later, on 5th 
March, 1880, I received the boxes by mail. The larve were 
found to be nearly all alive—not more than one or two dead— 
and when first seen several showed some movement, though only 
three days from ice. Others were lethargic some hours longer, 
but by the 6th nearly all had left the boxes and betaken them- 
selves to the plants of violet amid which I had laid them. They 
crawled up and down the stems, and disposed themselves in the 
concave sides just as they do in the fall when about to go into 
lethargy. On 10th March one of the larve was found to have 
passed first moult, several days in advance of any other, and it 
continued in advance to maturity, passing second moult, 18th; 
third, 27th; fourth, 4th April; fifth, 12th April; suspended, 
23rd ; pupated, 24th ; and gave imago, A. Cybele, female, 14th May. 
The whole period from ice to butterfly was seventy-three days. 
The other larve passed first moult 19th March; second, 29th 
March to 2nd April; third, 4th to 6th April; fourth, 11th to 12th; 
fifth, 16th to 19th April; and the butterflies issued 12th to 27th 
May. What loss of larvee there was occurred before first moult, 
partly by escape, as it seemed, but partly, as I thought, from 
having been introduced to a warm room too abruptly. But after 
the moult I lost none. I preserved some examples at every stage 
in alcohol, and so reduced the number; but there was no death 
among the larvee which were allowed to proceed, and I obtained 
at last seven perfect butterflies, one male, six females. ‘They were 
also of very large size, equal to any taken in the field. It is 
evident, therefore, that freezing did not injure the larve, but on the 
contrary, invigorated them, enabling them to pass their successive 
stages rapidly. [A comparative table is then given of the 
duration of the various stages in the specimens iced in 1880 and 
those kept in the cool room in 1873-4. The iced larve from 
removal to imago occupied a total period of from 54 to 87 days, 
the others 134 days and upwards. The first moult was reached 
by the frozen larve in from 8 to 18 days, while the earliest of the 
other batch did not change till the 44th day.} I have no doubt 
that by freezing any species of larvee which hybernate, they may 
