THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 185 



long, oval, transparent cocoon, and therein change to a yel- 

 lowish pupa. The moth appears about the second week in 

 June, and seldom remains on the wing more than a fortnight: 

 it is one of those insects of which the whole brood seems to 

 appear simultaneously during a few hot days. I am indebted 

 to Mr. Gregson for these larvae, and an account of the eco- 

 nomy of the species. — Edward Netvman. 



Life-history of Grapholita Havana. — This species deposits 

 its eggs in July, and they are hatched in the following April 

 or May, and then spin a web, and tie together the young 

 shoots of the different varieties of holly, then just springing, 

 and they thus form a dwelling-place, of which they devour 

 the walls : when full-fed, at the end of May or in June, they 

 spin a slight cocoon, and make up within the house they 

 have partially eaten ; the moth appears in from twenty to 

 twenty-six days. The larva, when arrived at maturity, is 

 greenish, with a dark head and corslet ; it is rather stout : in 

 some districts no holly can be successfully grown, on account 

 of the abundance of the insect, one or more larva; being 

 found in every shoot of young growth, thus stunting and 

 eventually destroying these valuable and ornamental trees. — 

 C. S. Grecjson. 



Life-liistorij of Plutella porrectella. — The larva is semi- 

 transparent, and of a whitish green colour; it is attenuate at 

 both ends and slightly hairy ; the head and feet are green : 

 it feeds upon the llower-shoots and leaves of Hesperis matro- 

 nalis in May and June, and spins a white silken web under 

 the leaves ; in this web it changes to a light green pupa, and 

 remains in this for tw^elve or sixteen days. About here 

 (Liverpool) it is impossible to grow the beautiful rockets, as 

 they form a breeding-ground for this pretty moth, over which 

 there is no control : it deposits its eggs so freely on our white 

 rockets that they are destroyed before they flower, unless 

 great care is taken to pick off the leaves as the larva; emerge 

 from the egg : a few years ago the double white rockets were 

 the pride of ihc South Lancashire and Cheshire gardens ; at 

 that time Plutella porrectella was rarely met with ; now it is 

 a pest only to be combatted by clearing away as many of the 

 lower leaves from our plants in autumn as can safely be 

 spared, and in the following spring keeping a sharp eye on 

 the plants in April and the beginning of May. — Id. 



