202 THE EiNTOMOLOGIST. 



rod) : it lives through the winter, and spins up in the spring, 

 appearing in the perfect slate in July and August. The per- 

 fect insect has the head, body and upper wings sulphur- 

 j'ellow, in fine specimens slightly darker on the costa, and 

 having a darkish elongated patch beyond the middle ; the 

 under wings darkish ash-coloured ; abdomen and legs light 

 sulphur-yellow. Expansion of the wings from eight to ten 

 lines. This insect may be said to be useful to man, as it 

 lives entirely upon a useless plant, which grows so abun- 

 dantly and seeds so freely that without such checks it would 

 soon cover the ground, which would otherwise be covered 

 with useful food for animals. — C. S. Gregson. 



Entomological Notes and Captures. 



Inquiry respecting Galls. — I am told that Cynips ventricu- 

 lus, C. Tiara, C. lenticidaris and C. Castaueae are described 

 by Curtis in vols, i., ii., iii., iv. and v. of the ' Gardener's 

 Chronicle : ' 1 shall be glad to know what galls they pro- 

 duce, as 1 have failed in obtaining the volumes mentioned. 

 Withering, when attempting to enumerate the insects of the 

 oak, mentions Cynips Quercus-Baccae : what gall can pro- 

 duce this ? I also wish to know what gall produces C. Quer- 

 cus-Petioli, mentioned by Withering : a specimen in my own 

 cabinet is thus labelled. — H. Waring Kidd ; Godalming. 



[I know nothing more of this than that such a paper by 

 Mr. Curtis exists, and is intituled " Economy and figures of 

 Cynips aptera, venlriculus, Quercus-Tiarae,lenticularis, Quer- 

 cus-Pedunculi, Queicus-Ramuli, Quercus-Castaneae, Quercus- 

 Folii, and Quercus Petioli :" such papers should be published 

 in Natural- History Journals. — E. N.'] 



Are there three Species of Artichoke Gall-makers ? — There 

 seems little doubt that Cynips Quercus-Gemmae and C. Fe- 

 cundalrix are distinct species. C. Celias is said to attack 

 the cupule of the oak : can this be a third artichoke gall- 

 maker, or is it synonymous with one of the above-named? — 

 Henry Waring Kidd. 



[I know but one artichoke-producing gall, Cynips Fecun- 

 datrix. — E. iV.] 



Galls of Aphis bursaria. — In ' Kirby and Spence ' it is 



