THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 225 



rest of the body yellow and purple, both colours rather 

 dingy ; these colours are disposed in five broad longitudinal 

 stripes ; dorsal stripe yellow, intersected by a narrow median 

 stripe of a brighter colour, approaching to orange : the dorsal 

 stripe is without warts ; it is bounded on each side by a 

 broad purple stripe, which contains three black warts on 

 each segment, except the 2nd, and on this is a black, corneous, 

 glabrous plate ; beloRv this stripe on each side is a yellow 

 stripe containing the black spiracles ; ventral surface smoky 

 flesh-colour, with a series of black warts above the claspers ; 

 legs and claspers concolorous with the ventral surface. When 

 full-grown these larvae leave their tents, and, descending to 

 the ground, construct a tough cocoon, composed of particles 

 of earth united together by silken threads ; within this retreat 

 or hybernacnlum they live unchanged, but without feeding, 

 throughout the winter, and until the beginning of May, when 

 they change to pupaj : the moth appears at the end of June 

 and throughout July, frequenting the flowers of the food- 

 plants, and particularly when growing amongst standing corn. 

 I am indebted to Mr. Thomas Brown, of Cambridge, for the 

 opportunity of describing these larvae. — Edward Newman. 



Life-hislory of Ypoiwmeula padella. — The eggs are laid 

 in June and July, principally on the inner and lower branches 

 of apple trees in orchards and gardens : the young larvae 

 emerge the following May ; they are then small, dirty, grub- 

 like creatures, and some get on to the young leaves and there 

 cover themselves with a web, in which they grow rapidly : 

 when full-fed the body is of an ashy gray colour and semi- 

 transparent, with a darker patch on each segment below the 

 dorsal line ; the head and corslet are dark ; the entire surface 

 of the larva is slightly hairy, and it measures six or seven 

 lines in length. When about to make up, these larvae, often 

 in small but sometimes in large companies, spin long white 

 silken cocoons, which are arranged side by side : the moth 

 makes its appearance in about eighteen days, in June and 

 July. This pest generally attacks only the leaves of the apple 

 trees, but is no less injurious on that account: they are 

 strictly gregarious, living under a web through the whole of 

 May and the beginning of June : they are continually en- 

 larging the web and enclosing more leaves, which they devour 

 under its shelter, and so proceed until a whole orchard is 



