6A) TH ENTOMOLOGIST. 
more advanced. Sept. 6th: temperature on shelf, 10 p.m., 
78° Fah. (76° = summer heat, 55° = temperate) ; breeze, N.W. 
Sept. 8th: morning—previous to a fire being made —thermo- 
meter 72°. Sept. 9th: six or seven larve had pupated; hot, last 
three days. Sept. 2lst: the first moth appeared, a typical 
male. Sept. 24th: another, a female type. Sept. 25th: another 
ordinary female. Eggs laid by first female placed, half of them 
in the kitchen, the rest out of doors. Sept. 30th: nine had 
emerged up to date, all ordinary types. These were let go out 
of doors, and many were brought back to me from various parts 
of the city as curiosities of the season! Nov. 3rd: another 
ordinary insect appeared. Nov. 13th: pup# coming out slowly ; 
put a dozen into the forcing-glass, and left the apparatus inside 
the kitchen fender. Nov. 15th: A fine, dark, two-lobed “ variety ” 
appeared. Nov. 19th: thermometer on shelf 76°. A few days 
ago, in late October and beginning of November, it stood at 
70°; and a few times, in cold weather, at 68°. Nov. 21st: 
another ordinary moth. The larve show two or three deaths per 
day, while others are pupating. Still feeding on nettle. Some 
are yet in their second skins. Nov. 23rd: Another type; cold; 
rain; wind N.W. Nov. 24th: larve I find dying,—some when 
ready to spin up, some in earlier stages, others after making 
their cocoons and without changing into the chrysalis; cold 
weather; wind N.W., with showers of rain and hail. Nov. 25th: 
(B) first winter day; N.E.; hard frost at night; therm. 72° on 
shelf; many larve dying, especially of the second brood. 
Noy. 26th: intense frost; ther. 7 a.m., 55° for the larve; 
11 p.m. 70°. Nov. 27th: (B) intense frost; larvee dying in half- 
dozens; food (nettle) difficult to get—dock gone. Nov. 29th: 
(B) intense frost. One of the second and one of the third brood 
spinningup. Dec. 13th: (B) larve dying; they refuse to eat, and 
shrink in size. Dec. 15th: (B) the most severe weather for the 
last ten years. Larvee, I am advised by Dr. Chapman, of Here- 
ford, to feed on cabbage, and they eat it. All other food-plants 
gone. The larve shrivel up,—those spinning not forming chry- 
salids. Dec. 19th: (B) fall of snow, afterwards severe frost. I 
feed the larve now on lettuce from the market, as an experiment, 
at a cost ofa halfpenny per day. They still diminish in 
numbers. Jan. 3rd, 1891: (B) complete thaw. I have now 
only about twenty larve left. Jan. 6th: (B) intense frost; 
ther. only 58° at 11.30 p.m.; larve dying fast. I gave up 
lettuce and returned to cabbage—lettuce deficient in nutriment ; 
15° of frost common. Jan. 8th: intense frost continued. 
‘Liverpool Echo’ described it as ‘‘ The Great Cold,” and 
reports people frozen to death. According to ‘ The Standard,’ 
there is only one recorded December temperature lower than that 
of 1890,—that of 1788. In 1788 the mean temperature was 
29°; that of 1890, 80°4. Jan. 12th: a fine, dark female 
