208 THE ENYOMOLOGIST. 
COLIAS EDUSA, C. HYALE, &c., IN ENGLAND IN 1892. 
Some of our correspondents have thought it necessary to 
apologise for sending us notes on the occurrence of C. edusa, 
but we can assure them that all observations on this, and other 
species which are erratic in their appearance in England, are of 
value. The present year bids fair to rival that of 1877 as an 
“ edusa year;” therefore it would be well to make the record of 
the present occurrence of the species as full and complete as 
possible, so that some idea may be formed of the area of distri- 
bution and relative numbers throughout that area.—Ep. 
Lancashire.—I saw Colias edusa once on the 5th, and twice on the 8th, 
of June, on the nearest railway-cutting south from St. Bees. Iam told 
also that one other had been seen about a mile off. Of Vanessa cardut, 
eight or more have been caught, and far more seen. I have occasionally 
caught this species in the spring since 1888. One—the last one—I 
caught to-day (July 13th). Of V. atalanta, which is much rarer than 
cardui here, | bave caught two, and one was given me. JI cannot say that 
I have noticed P. gamma commoner this year than last.—JoHn WEBSTER ; 
Barony House, St. Bees, Carnforth, July 18, 1892. 
Devon.—I have just returned from a fortnight’s visit to Sidmouth, S. 
Devon, where I found C. edusa very plentiful along the coast. The cliffs 
there being very steep, make collecting extremely difficult, but I succeeded 
in capturing between fifty and sixty specimens in lovely condition. 
Towards the last two or three days they seemed to spread inland a little, 
for I took about a dozen in clover fields in the neighbourhood. Included 
in my series is a beautiful var. helice, and I missed another.—B. H. 
CraprreE; The Oaklands, Grange Avenue, Levenshulme, Manchester, 
Aug. 11, 1892. 
Dorsetshire.—C. edusa was very plentiful at Blandford, on the downs 
and in lanes, during last week.—(Miss) CuarrpeL Tomitn ; Long Ashton 
Vicarage, Aug. 18, 1892. 
Eissex.—At Chingford, on Sunday, Aug. 14th, I captured two females 
of C. edusa, perfectly fresh; a third specimen I saw escaped. On the 
following Sunday the insect was fairly abundant, and amongst my captures 
was one specimen of the var. helice. As this was my first excursion with 
the net after several years’ abeyance, it was doubly gratifying.—W. T. Lanu ; 
9, Teesdale Street, Hackney Road, E., Aug. 28, 1892. 
Gloucestershire. —Colias edusa has been plentiful at Cheltenham.— 
EK. Gordon C. Brooke; 6, Queen’s Villas, Queen’s Road, Cheltenham, 
July 24th, 1892. 
On June 27th I saw a female C. edusa here, and on July 7th, within a 
few yards of the same place, a male; also, on August 14th, two more. All 
were in good condition. This insect seems to be rare in this district ; I 
have only met with five in the last ten years, the four mentioned above, 
and one in .1888.—N. F. Srarancke; Mitcheldean, near Gloucester, 
August 18, 1892. 
On June 24th I captured, on Leckhampton Hill, near here, a much 
battered Colias edusa, and on July 8th saw another on the College ground. 
To-day I saw two more flying over the ground at the same time from the 
north-east. At the end of June they were said to be plentiful near the 
