SOCIETIES. 297 
Irish D. compta, Fb. Mr. Tutt mentioned that the Botys exhibited at 
a previous meeting was Botys fuscalis, Schiff., and was not therefore a 
new species, as had been suggested at the meeting and so reported.— 
H. W, Barxer and A. SHort, Hon. Secs. 
BriruincHam E\nromonocicat Socrety.—Oct. 10th, 1892.—Mr. R. C. 
Bradley inthe chair. Mr. A. W. Walker, Ingleside, Harborne Road, 
Edgbaston, was elected a member. The following were exhibited :— 
By Mr. P. W. Abbott, Colias edusa from Wyre Forest, one specimen ; 
Triphena subsequa from Freshwater, Isle of Wight; and 7. orbona, for 
comparison with them. Mr. E. W. Wynn, from Wyre Forest, bred 
series of Vanessa io and V. c-album; two bred Notodonta chaonia, and 
a single specimen of Sesia cynipiformis: also, from Cannock Chase, a 
bred series of Vanessa cardui, and one Colias edusa from Meriden, near 
Coventry. Mr. R. C. Bradley, nice series of Philonicus albiceps and 
Thereva annulatus from Barmouth. Mr. W. Harrison, insects taken at 
Frankley, near Harborne, quite close to Birmingham, including 
Cidaria testata, Thyatira derasa, &c.; also, from Wyre Forest, Eucosmia 
undulata, one Phorodesma bajularia, &. Mr. A. H. Martineau read a 
paper on the social ants, in which he gave some account of the various 
species, and of the most interesting facts in their life-histories, habits, 
&e. He showed nests of Lasius flavus, L. niger, and Myrmica rugi- 
noides, with many individuals in each; also mounted specimens of 
several other species.--Cotsran J. Warnwricut, Hon. Sec. 
LancasHirE AND CHESHIRE ENnromotocicaL Soctety.—October 10th. 
—Mr. 8. J. Capper, F.L.S., F.E.S., President, in the chair. Mr. J. 
T. Moore, A.L.S., was elected an honorary member, and Mr. J. H. 
Stott, of Newcastle, Staffordshire, an ordinary member of the Society. 
Mr. S. L. Mosley, of Huddersfield, read a paper entitled ‘‘ Vegetable 
Galls and their makers.’’ The author referred to the difficulty in 
breeding these insects, and spoke of the theory of the ancients, who, 
because they could not understand how a caterpillar could be inside a 
gall which had no opening, believed that the egz must have been 
deposited in the seed of the plant. He remarked on the scarcity of 
literature on the subject, and described and exhibited specimens of 
many of the galls and their makers, including some species new to 
Britain. The President exhibited a rich variety of Hpione apiciaria. 
Mr. Arkle, Heliothis armigera, bred from imported tomatoes. Mr. Collins, 
some nice forms of Acronycta leporina. Mr. Gregson, series of Agrotis 
ashworthti, Polia nigrocincta and Dianthaecia cesia, bred and captured by 
himself this year. Mr. Harker, two specimens of Hadena satura from 
Aberdeen. Mr. Jones, Lepidoptera captured in Ireland, including 
some nice Irish forms. Dr. Ellis, series of Cassida sanguinolenta and 
Bembidium saxatile. Mr. Newstead drew attention to a record of 
Polyommatus betica captured at Heswall, Cheshire, by Master McFee, in 
1886 or 1887, which had lately come under his notice.-—F. N. Pmrce, 
Hon. See. 
York anp District Fretp Naturauists’ Soctery. —— October 12th, 
1892.--Mr. G. C. Dennis, President, in the chair. Mr. George 
Jackson exhibited a number of very fine varieties of Abraxas grossu- 
lariata, bred this season from larve obtained at York. Mr. E. G. 
