NOTES FROM THE NORTH-WEST COUNTIES. 317 
being an empty pupa-case of Vanessa urtice hanging from a 
stone wall. 
On the 23rd I started from Chester to Lancaster. <A railway 
collision, which happened on the way, nearly prevented this 
chronicle, but I turned up amongst the lucky. On reaching my 
destination I found a letter from my friend Mr. Murray, of 
Carnforth, arranging a trip to the Witherslack Mosses, which lie 
about six miles to the south-east of Lake Windermere in West- 
moreland. The weather had cleared up, and three of us did our 
best in the tropical heat among the brilliant insects, which 
literally swarmed in that sheltered corner of the Mosses, just by 
the Summerhill Farm, alias “ Far-Away.” Our route was as 
follows :—Lancaster to Arnside vid Carnforth, then a walk across 
the Kent estuary along the railway bridge, then along the river 
embankment to the right, and so on to the ‘Derby Arms’ Inn, 
Witherslack, and “Far-Away.” All along the embankment 
V. urtice, Epinephele canira, Lycena icarus (alexis), and Hubolia 
limitata (mensuraria) were abundant; but of the “meadow- 
browns” I saw no “bleached” specimens. A fine dragonfly, one 
of the Adschnide, rose from the ditch below, but it gave me no ~ 
chance of further identification. I saw another specimen during 
the day, but failed to capture it. On the flat, rocky spot covered 
with St. John’s wort, where we turned off the embankment to the 
left and so on through the fields to the ‘ Derby Arms,’ we found 
any number of Tortrix rufana. They were fresh from the 
chrysalis, and in many cases almost red in colour. Other 
captures here were Gnophos obscuraria (odscurata), Anaitis 
plagiata, C. falsellus, C. inquinatellus, and C. selasellus. One 
Fritillary was seen on the way to the inn, probably Argynnis 
aglaia. On the borders of the Mosses foxgloves grew freely. 
From the flowers of isolated plants I got a large number of 
nearly full-fed larvee of Hupithecia pulchellata. On the rocky 
hillside we netted, among the ferns, a few specimens of Tanagra 
atrata (cherophyllata). .But it was on the Moss itself, in the 
corner aforesaid, where cotton-grass, heath, and bog-myrtle are 
about equally mixed, that the winged assembly was most nume- 
rous and brilliant. There were Nemeophila russula, N. plantaginis, 
Anarta myrtilh, Hyria muricata (auroraria), Acidalia fumata, 
Carsia paludata var. imbutata, Phycis fusca (carbonariella), and 
Mixodia schulziana, all fresh from the chrysalis, with the 
exception of A. fwmata, and in abundance, if we except P. fusca. 
Females of N. russula were as abundant as the males. A few late 
specimens of Canonympha typhon (davus) were on the wing, and 
many were in capital condition. Attendant nuisances were 
Eimaturga atomaria and C. margaritellus. A couple of hours 
here under the burning sun and intense heat compelled us to 
beat a retreat on the ‘Derby Arms,’ where, our flasks being empty, 
ENTOM.—DEC, 1892, 25 
