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protruded tlie laciuia; of its maxilla) : the antenna) were raised and 

 lowered as if exploring, " touching everything within reach of them ;" 

 the insect attempted to tear, with the forked extremities of its mandi- 

 bles, the green cloth on wliich it was placed, then applied its lacinia) 

 to the imaginary wound it had inflicted ; on being disappointed, it 

 moved its palpi and explored with its antennae as before : the bread 

 was placed nearer the antenna), and then near the spiracles, but no 

 effect was produced, then in front, within reach of the mandibles, and 

 the movements were renewed. Hence it appeared that the insect was 

 sensible of the presence of its food ; that it discovered it by the sense 

 of smell, and that the sense of smell resides in the anterior part of the 

 head. The antenna) of Lucanus, though used for touching and ex- 

 ploring, are stretched out on the occurrence of a loud noise, and the 

 plates widely separated, as if to catch the vibrations of the atmosphere. 

 Mr. Newport admits that "the antennas are used as organs of touch in 

 many insects, though not in all." 



Mr. Newport cites Ruber's often-quoted observations on the queen 

 bee, and thence concludes "it was thus proved that bees communicate 

 with each other by means of the sense of touch, and that this resides 

 in the antenuEe." And again, speaking of ants, he observes that " by 

 means of touching with the antenna), ants bred in the same nest are 

 enabled to recognise each other, though separated for weeks ; " and 

 also that ants induce the Aphides to give out their honey-dew by pat- 

 ting them "rather briskly on each side with the extremities of the an- 

 tennae ; " and again, — " many of the Ichneumons and other tribes of 

 Hymenopterous insects use their antennae as tactors." Mr. Newj)ort 

 observed a most singular action of the antennae in individuals of Eu- 

 pelmus puparum, a Hymenopterous parasite ; the males with their 

 antenna) striking those of the female with quick alternating strokes, 

 and the females returning the strokes, but with less rapidity. " Most of 

 the species with setaceous antennae use them occasionally as tactors :" 

 the Acrid ae explore in a similar manner to the Ichneumons ; Acri. viri- 

 dissima " touches its food cautiously with its antennae before it eats ; " 

 when walking it explores its way with them : after keeping several indi- 

 viduals of Acr. grisea without water, and subsequently giving them 

 moistened leaves, they touched the water " two or three times with 

 their antennae, and afterwards with their palpi ; " and when the water 

 was nearly consumed, the insects felt with their antennae about the 

 veined or channelled parts for more. Cocki'oaches employ their an- 

 tennae in a similar manner with the Acridae ; the Trichoptera also use 

 them as tactors ; the Telephori rarely touch objects with them, the 



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