18 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



carnivorous, and whelber the want of opportunity in one 

 mode of living induces the maintenance of life in another 

 way. Being inhabitants of galls, or of holes in wood, their 

 proceedings are thereby hidden. The operations of most 

 other Chalcidiae are conspicuous, and the latter may be often 

 seen to come out of the body of the insect which has been 

 their prey. One instance will suffice to indicate what is not 

 yet ascertained with regard to this family. A gall may be 

 seen on the stalks of thistles : this gall is made by the grub 

 of Urophora Cardui, and two other grubs, one a Eurytoma, 

 the other a Pteromalus, in early life dwell with it. Does the 

 Eurytoma feed on the gall or on the Urophora, or on both ; 

 and does the Pteromalus feed on the Urophora or on the 

 Eurytoma, or on both? In this family Systole is the only 

 European genus of whose economy nothing has been pub- 

 lished. The two figures on the preceding page represent 

 Tsosoma flavicollis and Eurytoma platyptera. — Francis 

 Walker. 



Li/e-hisiories of Saivflies. Translated from the Dutch of 

 M. S. C. Snellen van Vollenhoven, President of the 

 Entomological Society of the Netherlands. By J. W. 

 May, Esq. 



(Continued from ' Zoologist,' S. S. 2517.) 



Almost all the writers of entomological papers having, for 

 some time past, transferred their contributions to the ' Ento- 

 mologist,' or some similar exclusively entomological periodical, 

 and the 'Zoologist' having, in consequence, ceased to come 

 so much as formerly under the notice of entomologists, it has 

 been thought advisable to continue the publication of the 

 translations of M. Snellen van Vollenhoven's papers in the 

 ' Entomologist' instead of in the former publication, in which 

 ihey have from time to time appeared. The translation of the 

 life-history of Dineura rufa, Panz., which appears in the 

 present number of the 'Entomologist,' is, therefore, simply a 

 continuation of former papers on Tenthredinidae, by the 



