24 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



except in one grassy and rushy place, about two hundred 

 yards long and fifty yards broad : in this spot the moths 

 were not uncommon, flying about in the sunshine, sitting on 

 the flowers of Gnaphaliuni dioicum, or hanging in cop. on to 

 the stems of grass. Females were much scarcer than males, 

 and frequently had defective wings. The other Lepidoptera 

 frequenting the same place were Crarabus furcatellus, 

 Sericoris irriguana, and Ccenonympha Tiphon var. Laidion. 

 No other species of Zygaena is to be found in Braemar, 

 so far as I am aware. 



" The larva of Z. exulans is polyphagous, preferring, 

 however, I believe, Erica and Vaccinium. Some larvae which 

 1 had fed up readily, however, on Trilicum repens and 

 Polygonum avicnlare, plants that do not occur within some 

 miles of the station for Exulans. I found cocoons attached 

 to various plants, Erica, grasses, Carex rigida, &c. The 

 habitat of Exulans, in Braemar, is probably covered with 

 snow from November to April each season." 



The larva, a specimen of which, through the unremitting 

 kindness of Mr. Doubleday, is now before me, is of ihe 

 usual Zygaena type : the head small and retractile within the 

 2nd segment, it is black and shining; the body is dingy 

 ochreous, each segment having a transverse series of fascicles 

 of radiating black bristles, which impart a very dingy appear- 

 ance to the larva; on each side is a subdorsal series of pale 

 spots, each spot being transversely elongate ; the legs are 

 black, horny, and glabrous ; the claspers are inconspicuous, 

 being placed a good way under the body ; their colour, as 

 well as that of the belly, is obscure. It may be observed the 

 colour of preserved larvae is not always a safe criterion of 

 what it was in the living specimen. 



In the course of a somewhat careful examination and 

 comparison of specimens, the following observations occurred 

 to me. Dr. Slaudinger has placed Exulans after Pilosellae of 

 Esper, which includes the Minos and Nubigena of the 

 ' Label List,' sixteen species intervening; and before Trifolii, 

 three species intervening. It does not very closely resemble 

 either, but I fully accept this as the proper location for the 

 species, and have so placed it. Compared with Trilblii the 

 antenna? appear to be siiorter, and the club more abruptly 

 incrassated; compared with Nubigena there is no perceptible 



