THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 27 



the Northern States, where several new species have been 

 described ; a few there are also species of Europe, and may 

 have been introduced thence into America. Kaltenbach has 

 published a work on the Aphides of Germany ; and Koch 

 another, on those of the same country ; and, nothwilhstanding 

 the three monographs here mentioned, and various descrip- 

 tions of species in France and in Sweden, there is much yet 

 to be discovered in Europe, especially with regard to the 

 migratory species, and to the more or less conspicuous and 

 numerous alternate generations, and to the influence of 

 temperature and vegetation in changing the structure. The 

 history of Aphides is connected with that of CoccinellEe, 

 Hemerobii, and Syrphi, vvhich destroy them from without; 

 and with that of Aphidiidae, Allotridae, and a few CiialcidiaB, 

 which destroy them from within ; and with that of ants, 

 which keep them as a flock, and feed on their honey. The 

 little yellow ant lives with Aphides under ground; the black 

 ant is a guide to the discovery of the long-beaked Aphis in 

 the crevices of the bark of oak trees; and the large black and 

 red ant resorts to the Aphides in woods. Some Aphides are 

 especially subject to the attacks of Aphidii, from which 

 other species, though equally numerous and noxious, are 

 nearly free, weather and want of food being the agents in 

 causing the latter to pass away. The comfrey Aphis is the 

 frequent prey of a little red Dipterous larva, which seldom 

 attacks other species. The fact that Aphides are stored by 

 fossorial Hymenoptera as provision for their young is well 

 known ; and I observed an instance of it in Finmark. The 

 Aphides of that region must have a long continuance of the 

 egg state; in England this state varies from one month to 

 eight months, according to the species, and according to the 

 weather. The length and season of the egg state in the 

 Aphides of hot countries has not yet been observed, and 

 is an interesting subject for enquiry. — Francis IValkcr. 



Anaitis plagiaia. — It is not stated in the ' History of 

 British Moths,' neither in Stainton's ' Manual,' that the 

 larvae jjroduced by the second brood of this species 

 hybernate. Such, however, appears to be the case. 1 took 

 a pair, in cop., the beginning of last September ; the female 

 laid me a supply of eggs, which hatched on the 25lh of the 

 same month, and 1 passed them on the next day to my 



