250 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



would seem that they partook together of the substance of 

 the gall. Nees, though he names the second Toryraus 

 (= Callimome), supposes that it may be a Eupelmus, and 

 says that he is not aware that any one, except Degeer, has 

 observed it. The third is Eurytoma Abrotani : many of 

 these were reared by Nees from Potentilla galls, which galls 

 had just before produced the Cynips abundantly. Nees does 

 not mention whether the Eurytoma interferes in early life 

 with the Cynips, and I believe that different species are 

 included by him under the name E. Abrotani. The species 

 which Nees describes as Eurytoma plumata is not known as 

 British (there is a continental specimen of it in the British 

 Museum), but I believe that some of the authors which he has 

 cited, under the above name, have described a different and a 

 British species. 



CEROCEniALA FOKIIICIFOKMIS. 



This species is semi-domestic and of rare occurrence, and 

 may be parasitic on a house-insect. I have seen it on paper 

 at Killarne}', in North Devon, in Lancashire, and near 

 London. Spalangia nigra, which belongs to the same family, 

 is never abundant, though it is a parasite of the common 

 house-fly, and there is room for inquiry as to the means by 

 which some Chalcidise are exceedingly rare, while otliers, 

 such as a Pteromalus or a Diglyphus, appear in hundreds of 

 thousands. 



The family to which Pirene varicornis belongs may be 

 found on flowers in fields, and one of them, at least, is 



