THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 451 



"From all the above facts I infer that all our species that 

 are found only in the female sex are represented in another 

 generation by both sexes, and that the two broods are, owing 

 to seasonal differences, produced from galls that are entirely 

 distinct from each other. I shall not be surprised if it shall 

 yet be found that all our species of Cynips proper are double- 

 brooded, but the allied genera Diastrophus and Rhodites 

 probably produce but one brood each year. Mr. Walsh's 

 successful attempts at colonizing C. q.-spongifica, o.s., do 

 not prove that the galls he raised were the immediate product 

 of the flies he colonized ; another generation may have inter- 

 vened from which his galls were descended. I have in mind 

 two species of Cynips that mature from the egg in less than 

 thirty days. They are our earliest vernal species, and are not 

 yet described. 



" In an article published ten years ago in the Proc. of Ent. 

 Soc. of Philad., describing several new species of Cynips, 

 I ventured to remark that probably some of the species 

 whose galls are formed on the leaves deposit their eggs 

 in the embryo leaves, the leaf-buds of the following year 

 being formed at the time these insects appear. This seems 

 to be true only in part. It is at another time and by another 

 brood that the eggs are so deposited. In the same article I 

 gave it as my opinion that the woolly galls of C. q. -operator, 

 O.S., and C. q.-seminator, Harris, were the abnormal deve- 

 lopment of the embryo leaves, and that the wool was an 

 enormous growth of the pubescence of the leaf. To this view 

 the late Mr. B. D. Walsh objected, either in a published 

 article or in a letter to myself, saying the galls were not 

 connected with the leaf-buds. Last spring I was so fortunate 

 as to find two galls of C. q.-seminator in the earliest stage of 

 growth; so young that I did not recognize their true 

 character, being simply large buds just beginning to open, 

 but exhibiting on the summit a beautiful rose-coloured 

 pubescence. I watched them till they were mature, and had 

 the satisfaction of seeing them develope into two fine galls of 

 this not very common species. 



"My friend Mr. li. S. Wliite, of this city, like a true 

 chemist, as he is, suggested the idea of weighing the speci- 

 mens of new insects we describe, and tried his plan upon the 

 gall-flies taken the other day. The species taken on the buds 



