26 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



up. s. 



Ligea. (In Switzeeland.) 



Usually at lower altitudes. 

 Larger ; wings more elongated. 

 F.ws. rusty band broad, and 



not pinched in in space 3, or 



scarcely at all. 

 On band, 4 fine ocelli pupilled 



white, ovoid in shape ; rarely 

 A without pupils. 

 H.ws. band with three pupilled 



ocelli ; sometimes a black spot 



in the rusty spot anterior to 

 V the pupilled ocelli. 

 F.ws., uniform chocolate 



brown ; rusty band distinctly 



defined inwards by concave, 



outwards by a convex line, 



both rather regular ; rusty 



baud paler than on f.ws. up. 



s., with 4 ocelli. $ gr. col. 



redder, and less deep; band 



yellowish - red, mingled 



towards in. marg. with a 



little grey. 

 H.ws. (J pure white marking 



bordering median band, 



broader at in. marg., festooned 



with the band almost to pos- 

 terior limit. 



Euryale. 



Never at the same altitude with Ligea. 



Smaller ; wings less elongated. 



Narrower band, and nearly always 

 piiiclied in in space 3, resembling a 

 figure of 8 drawn out. 



3 ocelli only (rare exceptions ) ; 2 coupled 

 in spaces 4, 5, the 3rd in space 2 ; 

 ocelli round, and rarely ovoid. 



Band continuous and narrower ; 2 or 3 

 white-pupilled ocelli, or not ; but 

 always small, and the black spot very 

 excejitional. 



Band less distinct, and mingling in- 

 wards with the reddish-brown ground 

 colour. 



'^ white marking reduced to 

 small pure white spots sepa- 

 rated from each other, and 

 never extended very far ; 

 ocelli with rusty circles. 



$ median band scarcely distinct, espe- 

 cially towards the in. marg., where 

 colour scarcely differs from the gr. 

 col. ; on outside traces of dirty, never 

 pure, white markings, reduced at 

 some places to points, and often non- 

 existent. 



$ med. band clearly defined outside 

 where it is bordered by a dirty white 

 line-mark, which loses itself more or 

 less in the whitish or yellowish col. of 

 the band, at the limit of which are 3 

 or 4 ocelli (very small in the $) ; in 

 some exs. un. s. unicolorous, and 

 ocelli hardly visible. 



This being so, it follows that the name adi/te, Hh., hitherto 

 applied to the Arctic and Scandinavian form of ligea, which I 

 found rather common at Abisko, Swedish Lai)land, in 1906. dis- 

 appears, and I }>ropose for it the name borealis. I have gone 

 through the small series I brought home, and find the fourth 

 spot in space 3 on the rusty band of the upper side of the fore 

 wings— typical of ligea — and wanting almost invariably in Swiss, 

 and in all my Pyrenean forms of euryale from Gavarnie. The 

 characteristic pure white markings on the under-side of the hind 

 wings are present, but much less pronounced than in the type. 

 Dr. Reverdin's discoveries in this resnect seem to suggest that 

 this new name is justified for the so-called Arctic adi/te, and that 

 the title of Mr. Carter's conclusions, presented by me in the 

 * Entomologist,' vol. xlvii, pp. 34-5 (1914), with a plate (iii), 

 showing the result of breeding experiments from the Lapland 

 form to the normal Harz ligea, should be amended accordingly. 

 The extreme Arctic form differs from the normal in the complete 

 absence of the pure white markings on the under-side, but there 



