NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS, 91 



years 1884 and 1913 I captured or bred exactly thirty specimens, 

 often only one or two in a season, and sometimes none at all. My 

 two best years were 1910 and 1912, when I took six and eleven 

 respectively. Of these thirty specimens only eleven were bred at long 

 intervals from innumerable dead oak-apples gathered by the aid of a 

 long fishing rod from the large oaks for the most part growing in and 

 around various parts of Epping Forest, in the winter a.nd very early 

 part of the New Year. The insect may be found rarely at rest on old 

 palings, but the best way to work for it is to choose a bright, sunny 

 morning at the beginning of April, and, selecting the edge of an oak 

 wood, tap all the boughs within reach. They then liy readily and, I 

 may add, quickly, and are soon lost to view. It is of little use beating 

 on a sunless day, as they then drop like a stone, and from their sombre 

 colour are lost in the undergrowth. I have never found the larva 

 but once, feeding in a green gall of Andricus terminalis, but failed to 

 rear it. The somewhat similar but smaller Asthenia argyrana I have 

 frequently found. To any reader interested I would recommend a 

 perusal of Dr. Wood's most interesting paper in the ' Ent. Mo. 

 Mag.,' vol. XXV (1899) — an article of great merit. Mr. Whittle does 

 not seem to have been very lucky in rearing Lepidoptera from dead 

 galls. I have done a little better, as related in my note (' Ento- 

 mologist,' xlii, p. 38). The following are the places where I have 

 met with fimhriana : In Essex, Loughton, Buckhurst Hill, Wood- 

 ford, Walthamstow, Hainault Forest, Wanstead (one only), Thorndon 

 Park, and the plantation just outside. In Surrey, at Shirley, 

 Addington, and Sanderstead. In Kent, in West Wickham Wood and 

 Plumstead. The best period to work for the moth is from March 

 2oth till April 15th, in normal seasons. — A. Thurnall ; Wanstead. 



Phalonia subroseana and Grapholitha ^mulana. — I am pleased 

 to read that Mr. Whittle has found these two golden-rod feeders in 

 Essex, the former being an addition to the county list. I hope he 

 will be able to report P. curvistrigana in the near future. All three 

 occur on the Kent side of the river. I never bred the two EupoicilicB, 

 but had a beautiful bred series of both some years ago from Mr. 

 B. A. Bower; these were bred from larvae taken in "North Kent," 

 but I do not know the exact locality. G. ceviulana I have bred freely 

 from larvte obtained from Darenth Wood and also more abundantly 

 from Plumstead. From the latter locality I once bred about a dozen 

 P. ivipUcitana — rather to my surprise, as I was unaware at the time 

 that the larva ever fed on golden rod. These specimens were a little 

 darker, but ditt'ered in no other respect from those I had been accus- 

 tomed to meet with in this (Wanstead) district amongst Matricaria 

 inodora and allied composites. I may add that G. ceniidana seems to 

 be a very constant species, whereas its near ally, the saltmarsh-loving 

 tripoUana, is exceedingly variable ! — A. Thurnall; Wanstead. 



Hawk Moth settling on Water. — On June 30th last, at about 

 11 a.m. on a warm, sunny day, I was walking up the bed of a 

 nearly dry nullali about five miles from Quetta, Baluchistan. When 

 passing a small pool of clear water I noticed a Hawk Moth Hying 



