THE VARIATION OF SARROTHRIPUS REVAYANA, SCOPOLI. 99 



If an extensive series of British specimens is compared with 

 an equally extensive series from another country, it is seen at 

 once that although the main lines of variation are the same, the 

 actual specimens vary — that is to say, an example of a given 

 form from Britain will show certain well-marked and fairly 

 constant differences from an example of the same form from 

 France or Germany. These, again, will show differences from 

 the same form from Scandinavia or Russia. Consequently we 

 may say that a great number of the British forms are not exactly 

 reproduced elsewhere. 



Division 1. 

 Revayana, Scopoli. 



Synonymy. — Revayana, Scopoli, Ann. Syst. Nat. v, p. 116 (1772) ; 

 Schiffermuller, Syst. Verz. p. 130 (1776) ; Fabricius, Ent. Syst. iii, 

 p. 266, No. 101 (1793), rivagana; Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lep. ix, 

 p. 46 (1834); Treitske, Schmett. von Europa, viii, p. 22 (1830); 

 Eversmann, Fauna Volga Ural, p. 481 (1844) ; Herrich Schaffer, 

 Sys. Bear. Schmett. Europa, ii, p. 445 (1845) ; Heinemann, Schmett. 

 Deutch and Schweiz, p. 618 (1859) ; Wilkinson, Brit. Tort. pp. 12-13 

 (1859) ; Stainton, Manual, ii, p. 190 (1859) ; Staudinger, Cat Lep. 

 d'Europa, p. 22 (1861) ; Sepp, Ned Ins. 2nd series, i, p. 147 (1862) 

 Staudinger, Cat. Lep. d'Europa, p. 50 (1871) ; Frey, Lep. Schweiz, 

 p 72 (1880); Aurivillius, Nord. Fjiir. p. 80 (1891), revayanus; 

 Meyrick, Brit. Lep. p. 35 (1895) ; Staudinger, Cat. Pal. Lep. i, p. 361 

 (1901) ; Buckler's Larvse, ix, pi. cli, fig. 4, and p. 326 ; South, Moths 

 Brit. Isles, i, p. 146 (1907) ; Hofmann, Schmett. Europas, ii, p. 124 

 (1908), revayanus. 



Original Description. — " Phalaena revayana. Diagn. Tortrix ; 

 alis superioribus glauco virentibus, margine exteriore notabiliter 

 curvo. 



" Alee anticffi longitudo lin. 4-5. Pagina inferior concava, 

 fuscis lineis longitudinalibus. Alas posticae supra fuscescentes ; 

 venis obscurioribus, margine albo." (Scopoli, 'Annus Historico 

 Naturalis,' vol. v, p. 116 (1772).) 



It was only after considerable study of this description that I 

 realised Scopoli's meaning. At first it did not seem reconcilable 

 with any known form of S. revayana, and especially with the 

 supposed type form ; for although I discovered that since his day 

 writers had variously diagnosed the type, they had nearly all 

 agreed in describing something which did not fit in with Scopoli's 

 description. The majority considered it to be an insect with 

 light grey superiors, crossed transversely by several dark fuscous, 

 waved lines ; and I find that this is the impression of the majority 

 of lepidopterists at the present day. 



Obviously this description does not agree with Scopoli's 

 " fuscis lineis longitudinalibus," and the only and obvious solution 

 of the puzzle that I can see is, that Scopoli described a specimen 



