NOTES AND OBSEKVATIONS. 139 



only been recorded from the north. — B. G. Adams ; 15, Fernshaw 

 Eoad, S.W. 



Spring Emergences in South Devon. — As the season appears to 

 be late in most parts of the United Kingdom, the following observa- 

 tions may be of interest. I arrived in Exeter on March 31st, and 

 from April 7th to 9th was in East Cornwall. I did not see a single 

 butterfly or moth until April 12th, when I observed several Aglais 

 urticce on the Crediton Eoad, outside Exeter. It was very common 

 at Honiton and on all the railway banks thereabouts on April 18th, 

 and also the following day at Seaton. The examples observed must 

 have gone into winter quarters early. The majority were perfect. 

 April 20th, at Seaton, was the first really warm day of the month. 

 Pieris brassiccB, all males, was in great force ; P. rapce, rather less 

 distributed. I saw the first at Honiton the day before — exactly a 

 month later than in 1918. Just west of Seaton the coast curves 

 under a towering sandstone (?) cliff, and here the heat was really 

 summerlike. Flying against the warm slope I spotted the first 

 Euchloe cardamines, a single male, and this is an early date in any 

 year. It was very small, and evidently just emerged. Gonepteryx 

 rhamni was not uncommon in the deep lane leading to the top of the 

 cliff, and Gelastrina argiolus was flying about the Euonymus on the 

 sea front. I should think this county would be a magnificent hunting- 

 ground for Geometers especially. On Easter Monday, x\pril 21st, I 

 paid a visit to Dawlish — to which the same remarks applies, only 

 more so — and enjoyed a delightful walk in the Ashcombe direction. 

 The south-east wind was very cold, though the sun blazed in a cloud- 

 less sky, and the cuckoo was calling from hill to hill. I saw no 

 Pierids, but several hibernated Vanessa io, and in a little wood just 

 above the town a solitary male Pararge egeria var. egerides of the 

 light form. I searched in vain for the larvse of Callimorpha quadri- 

 vunctaria (hera) ; most likely it was not yet on the move — or is it a 

 night-feeder ? I only wish that I had had the good fortune to be 

 transferred to the west of England at a more entomologically 

 profitable season of the year. Entomologists who anticipate collecting 

 at Dawlish and on the South Devon coast generally in the summer 

 should read Mr. C. M. Mayor's admirable account of the night-flying 

 Heterocera included in his " Eetrospect of Five-and-Twenty Years," 

 and published in the February and April numbers of the ' Ent. Mo. 

 Mag.' (Nos. 657, 659).— H. Eowland-Brown ; Exeter, April 21st, 

 1919. 



Notes on the Lepidoptera of Macedonia. — The following 

 notes were made whilst serving with the British Salonika Forces 

 from November, 1915, to February, 1919, and were made chiefly on 

 the sector between the Vardar Eiver and Lake Doiran. The hst is 

 a very incomplete one, as we were not able to do any night collecting, 

 and could do Httle whilst on duty in the front Hne. The dates given 

 in brackets are those of the earliest appearance of the insect on 

 wing in either of the three seasons. Iphiclides {Papilio) podalirius 

 (March 30th) was much commoner than P. machaon (April 20th). 

 Thais polyxena (April 4th) was only met with in a few places in 

 small numbers flying feebly over marshy ground. Aporia cratagi 



