ANTHROCERA ACHILLEA, ESPER, IN SCOTLAND. 225 



(i) emiriihra, in which the apical spot is never subdivided, is 

 always well developed, and extends to coalesce with the median 

 anterior spot. 



(ii) elongata ('? form), described as a rave aberration, but 

 without further particulars — here at all events. 



I may add that the three " yellow " examples (= ab. flava, 

 H. S.) in the Natural History Museum from Sand's collection 

 are very thinly scaled, and either were worn when taken, have 

 suffered in setting, or have faded by exposure to light. Curiously 

 enough Sand makes no mention of having discovered this form 

 in his ' Catalogue des Lepids. de Berry et de I'Auvergne.' 

 Possibly, therefore, they never came from " Central France," as 

 by label, at all. Of typical achillea, I think only one coloured 

 illustration has been published in this country (PI. I, figs. 2, 3, 

 ' Moths of the British Isles,' R. South, 2nd series). 



In conclusion, I should like to say that, out of consideration 

 for space, I have reduced my translations, much to their 

 detriment, to bare skeletons. I am also unable to bring my 

 authorities right up to date, owing to the difficulties of providing 

 myself with the current literature on the subject (if any there 

 be), still held up by conditions of trade and transport on the 

 Continent. 



Mr. Pieid's series, presented to the Natural History Museum, 

 are much nearer the typical Swiss form (= alpestris, Burgeff, 

 secut Dr. Reverdin) ; in fact, they appear to me identical, except, 

 perhaps, they run somewhat smaller and the crimson is even 

 paler. But they are altogether larger than those I have seen 

 from Mr. Esson, while preserving the same tendency of the 

 lower basal and the lower median spots of the fore wings to 

 become confluent. As Dr. Cockayne pointed ou.t {loc. cit.) his 

 Scots achilea most nearly resemble the specimens in the 

 National Collection labelled ''Bergiin" (N. side of Albula 

 Pass) from the Zeller collection. I have also a series captured 

 by the late Mr. Tetley at St. Triphon, Vaud, in the Pihone 

 Valley, of much the same appearance. Probably those which I 

 have seen taken by Mr. Esson, come from a locality less 

 favoured by climate and vegetation. 



The form of West Scotland, which may be comprehensively 

 denominated scotica, seems to me characteristic. The general 

 poorness of pigment resembles that of exidans vanadis ; in size, 

 such as I have seen approximate to the vanadis of Braemar, and 

 I have none so small, except perhaps one or two from the neigh- 

 bourhood of Monnetier-les-Bains, Htes.-Alpes, taken by me in 

 1914. In the Scots series under review, also, the tendency to 

 confluence {^=a7iali-co)iJiaens, Vorbrodt) is decidedly pronounced. 

 In view of the suggestive similarity of the Scots achillece to exidans 

 I shall not be surprised to hear that an arctic form corresponding 

 with scotica exists in Skandinavia, hitherto overlooked ; and 



