Floivers and tJieir Parts 



10! 



Anthers are differently attached to the filaments. In 

 Gladiolus^ Lobelia^ and the heaths the filament is joined 

 to the base of the anthers (basifixed). In Jasmine the fila- 

 ments extend between the anthers. In grasses and in Biilbi- 



FiG. no. — Stamens of 

 Cyanella capensis. 



Fig. III. — Section through flower oi Barosina 

 crenulata after the removal of the petals 

 (magnified): st, fertile stamens ; sto, barren 

 stamens (staminodes) ; d, lobes of disc. 

 (From Edmonds and Marloth's " Elementary 

 Botany for South Africa.") 



nelia the filaments are so joined to the centre of the anther 

 at the back that they easily swing. 



Most anthers have two cavities or locules. Restio and 

 Hibisais stamens have but one. 



Anthers open in different ways to let the pollen escape. 

 The anthers of Watsonia, A?itholyza, and Protea open 

 the entire length. 

 Cya7teUa and the 

 heaths open by little 

 pores at the tips. Do 

 you know of any 

 other that open in 

 this way ? Cassytha 

 and Or eo d ap h n e 

 (Stinkwood) open by 

 little lids upon which 

 the pollen adheres. 



The portion of the filament between the two anther lobes 

 is called the connective. 



In Adenajidra., Barosma, and in some species of 

 Albuca^ what appears to be every other stamen bears no 



Fig. 112. — Gynand)opsis pe7iiaphyUa. Flower with 

 large gj'nophore, g. (From Edmonds and Mar- 

 loth's " Elementary Botany for South Africa.") 



