Flowers and their Parts 



107 



Tecoma and Plumbago. Where there are many ovaries, as in 

 the strawberry, it is much enlarged. 



In some flowers the receptacle grows up in a tube around 

 the ovai'y and bears the perianth and stamens on the rim of 

 the tube. If the tube is free from the ovary, the stamens and 

 petals are perigynous.^ 



If the tube is joined to the ovary as it is in the Hottentot 

 fig i^Mesembryanthemum)^ the stamens and petals are epigynous. 

 These two conditions come late in plant life. In earlier flower 

 forms the three outer whorls are situated below the ovary. The 

 stamens and petals are hypogynous. The ovary is superior 

 and the calyx inferior. All these forms are found in different 

 members of the rose family. Which kind is found in the 

 pumpkin ? 



The Duration of the Parts of the Flower. — The 

 corolla usually has the briefest life, and in some flowers it 

 lives but a day. If the perianth remains until the fruit is ripe, 

 it is persistent. The strawberry has a persistent calyx. If 

 it falls off after the pollen has reached the stigma, it is 

 deciduous, as in members of the lily family. If the calyx 

 falls off before the corolla opens, it is caducous. 

 farmers mean by grapes " shedding their 

 caps " ? When is this done ? 



Different Forms of Calyx and 

 Corolla. — In describing the calyx and 

 corolla it is necessary to have names for 

 the different shapes. They get their 

 names from something more familiar to 

 us. Kalkoehtjes and patrijsjes are 

 good names for some flowers if one 

 understands Dutch. Some flowers have 

 Zulu names. Wheel-shaped answers 

 for a flower the shape of the one in 



Fig. T15. It is also called rotate, from the latin word for 

 wheel, rota. 



What do 



Fig. 115. — Rotate flower of 

 Solatium. (From Thom6 

 and Bennett's " Struc- 

 tural and Physiological 

 Botany.") 



' Peiig>-nous means around the ovary. Gynoecium is the term applied 

 to all the ovaries of the flower. The corresponding term for the stamens 

 is Androeoinm. 



