I40 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



In the fruit of the grasses the ovary wall and the seed-coat 

 become attached to each other. On the grain of Indian corn 

 a little point on one side indicates the place where the style, 

 the silk, was borne. 



A dry one-seeded fruit in which the ovary wall and seed- 

 coat are attached is called a caryopsis. 



A dry fruit which splits into 

 several portions each containing 

 a seed is a schizocarp. Some 

 of the Malvacece have this fruit. 

 It is found in the fruit of the 

 Geranium family, the Euphor- 

 bias^ the Umhellifera^ Labiates , 

 and others. 



If a fruit contains many seeds 

 it must open or dehisce to let the 

 seeds escape, or there would be 

 trouble when the seeds began 

 growing. Such fruits are called 

 pods or capsules. The bean, 

 Port Jackson, and Erythrina 

 has a pod which has only one 



Fig. 150. — Quinquepartite schizocarp 

 of Gerattiuiii Robertianu7Ji. I. 

 The immature pistil. II. The ma- 

 ture fruit. (From Thome and 

 Bennett's " Structural and Physio- 

 logical Botany.") 



Fig. 151.— a schizo- Fig. 152.— Fruit 



carp consisting of of the Fennel : 



four nucules. a, carpophore. 



(From Thome and Bennett's "Structural and Physiological Botany.") 



Fig. 153.^ — Multiparlite 

 schizocarp of Malva. 



carpel, and which splits along both edges. It is called a 

 legume. 



Asdepias (wild cotton plant) and Crassula have similarly 

 formed fruits which split on one side only. Such a fruit is a 

 follicle. 



