222 Plants and their Ways in SoiitJi Africa 



tube and spreading limb ; yellow, turning to red. Flowers in 

 closely branched cymes or loose panicles. Succulent half- 

 shrubs with opposite leaves. Eastern. 



Bryophyllum differs from Kalanchoe in the inflated 

 calyx. B. prolifera has both simple and compound leaves 

 on the same plant. v 



The name means "sprouting leaf." The fleshy leaves fall to the 

 ground, and young plants sprout from the notched edges. These send 

 out roots, and finally the entire plant takes root. See Fig. 93, p. 90. 



Order Rosacea. 



Like the Ranunculaceae, the Rosacea^ have many free 

 stamens and apocarpous ovaries; but in the Rosacea^ the 



Fig. 2ig. — Flower of Peach with stamens around the ovary. (From 

 Henslow's " South African Flowering Plants.") 



receptacle is generally hollowed, and the flowers are perigynous 

 or epigynous. The carpels are often borne on a raised portion 

 of the receptacle, as in Ranunculaceae. Sometimes the recep- 

 tacle is free from the carpels, and sometimes joined to them, 

 as in the apple. 



The plants of this order are usually trees or shrubs with simple or 

 compound stipulate leaves. To this important order belong many of our 

 fruits, as apples, pears, peaches, strawberries, blackberries, as well as the 

 roses. The flowers are open, and expose their honey to bees and flies. 



Our definition of a fruit as a ripened ovary is not satisfactory for such 

 fruits as the apple and strawberry. The fruit is better defined as that part 

 of the flower which is stimulated to growth because of fertilization. 



The garden fruits and roses have been introduced into 

 South Africa. 



