2/0 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



volucre of dry, overlapping scales. Receptacle-bearing paleae 

 between the flowers. Achenes sharply five-angled or winged. 

 Pappus of short, flat, unequal scales^ or of short, swollen, jointed 

 hairs or none. 



Small shrubs or undershrubs. Leaves entire, toothed or pinnate- 

 parted. Heads yellow, mostly in corymbs. Common. In flower nearly 

 throughout the year. 



AAA. Anthers tailed. Pappus i^lume-like. Involucre 

 shining, not withering. 



Elyteropappus. — Heads 2-8-flowered. Involucre horny. 



Fig. 272. — Hcliptcrmn cancsccns. I. Flower. II. Diagram of disc-flower. 

 (From Edmonds and Rlarloth's " Elementary Botany for South Africa.") 



Much-branched shrubs with heath-like, spirally twisted leaves. 

 The Rhenoster bosch is the despair of farmers ; it is chiefly 

 Western, but has spread as far as Grahamstown, crowding out 

 other flowers as it advances. Introduced from the Congo. 



Helichrysum. — Heads many- or few-flowered, either all 

 tubular or with ray flowers. Pappus of slender bristles. 

 Involucre showy, rosy, yellow, or white. These and the next 

 genus are the beautiful Everlastings, the Cape Flower. 



Herbs and shrubs, mostly with woolly leaves and stems. 



