LIST OF FIGURES 



Frontispiece. Head of Dinichthys. 



FIG. PAGE 



I, 2. Moving fishes, shark and 



eel 2 



3. Spanish mackerel .... 3 



4. Front view of Spanish 



mackerel 4 



5-8. Numerical lines of fishes . 5 



9-12. Gills of fishes . . .17, 259 



13-19. Air-bladder . . . .22, 265 



20-31. Teeth and scales ... 24 



32-38. Fin spines 29 



39-43. Unpaired fins . . . 32, 3^ 



44-48. Caudal fin 37 



49-54. Paired fins 42 



55-60. Barbels and sense organs 47 

 61-68. Mucous canals . . . 50 



69. General anatomy of Cyclo- 



stome 5^ 



69 A. Skeleton of lamprey . . . 58 

 70-72 A-D. Bdellostoma, Myx- 



ine, Petromyzon . . 60, 61 



73. Palseospondylus 65 



74. Pteraspis 66 



75. Palteaspis ... ... 66 



76. 77. Plates of Pteraspis ... 66 



78, 79. Cephalaspis 66 



80-82. Pterichthys 68 



83. General anatomy of shark . 73 



84. Skeleton of shark . . .75, 255 



85. Vertebra; of shark .... 76 



86. 86 a. Cladoselache .... 79 

 86 B. Teeth of Cladoselache . . 80 



87. Acanthodes 81 



88. Acanthodes, shagreen . . . 81 

 88 a. Acanthodes, teeth ... 82 



89. Climatius 82 



xni 



FIG. PAGE 



90. Pleuracanthus S^ 



90A. Teeth of Pleuracanthus . 84 

 90 B. Headroof of Pleuracanthus 84 



91. Cestracion 85 



92. Chlamydoselache .... 87 



93. Heptanchus 88 



94. Squalus 89 



95. Alopias 89 



96. Lamna 90 



96 A. Cetorhinus 90 



96 B. Lcemargus 91 



97. Squatina 91 



98. 98 A. Pristis ...... 92 



99. Pristiophorus 93 



100. Rhinobatis 93 



loi. Raja 94 



102. Torpedo 95 



102 A. •Dicerobatis (Cephalop- 



tera) 96 



103. Shark phylogeny .... 98 



104. General anatomy of Chimaera 100 



105. Skeleton of Chimasra . . 102 



105 A. Ischyodus 104 



106. Myriacanthus 105 



106 A. Squaloraja 105 



106 B, c. Derm plates of Myria- 

 canthus 105 



107-112. Dental plates of Chimae- 



roids 106 



1 1 3-1 1 6. ■\. .Spines and claspers 



of Chimairoids .... 107 



117. Harriotta 108 



118. Callorhynchus 109 



119. Chimasra no 



120. Chimasra, young . . . .111 



121. General anatomy of lung-fish 117 



