INDEX 



289 



258 (Figs. 316-325), 260; V. Sharks, 

 etc. 



Cope, E. D., 8, 10; phylogenetic 

 table of, compared, 282. 



Cricoius, 54; parietal foramen of, 54. 



Crossopterygii, in classification, 8; 

 antiquity of, 9 ; unpaired fins of, 33 

 (Fig. 43); affinities to shark, 96; 

 included in the term Ganoid, 139; 

 ancestry of, 147; a group of Teleo- 

 stomes, 147; description of, 148- 

 155 (Figs. 148-156 /4); habits of 

 living and breeding, 150; fossil 

 forms, 150-155 (Figs. 151-156^); 

 paloeozic, 166 (Fig. 1 71 A). 



Ctenodus, in classification, 8; median 

 foramen of, 55; affinity to Cerato- 

 dus, 122, 124; ancestry of, 147. 



Ctenolahrus cmrideus^ larval develop- 

 ment of, 224 (Figs. 303-309), 225. 



Curves of fishes, 5, 6. 



Cusk, barbels of, 46, 47 (Fig. 55). 



Cusps, V. Derm cusps. 



Cyclostomes, in classification, 7, 8; 

 antiquity of, 9; metamerism in, 14- 

 16; gills of, 18; lampreys, 57-63; 

 their affinities, 63-65; palseichthyic 

 affinities, 70; eggs and breeding 

 habits of, 180, 181 (Figs. 186, 187); 

 fertilization of eggs, 187 note; larval 

 development, 214, 215 (Figs. 212, 

 215, p. 189, and 72, p. 60) ; names of 

 authors and works, list of, 234-238; 

 skeleton of, tables, 252; heart, conus, 

 and bulbus arteriosus, tables, 260; 

 gills, spiracles, gill rakers, and oper- 

 cula, tables, 260; digestive tract, 

 tables, 262 (Fig. 326), 263; swim- 

 bladder, tables, 264; genital system, 

 tables, 266; urinogenital ducts and 

 external openings, tables, 266, 267 

 (Fig. 332) ; abdominal pores, tables, 

 271, 272 (Fig. 340); central ner- 

 vous system, tables, 274; sense or- 

 gans, tables, 276; integument and 

 integumentary sense organs, tables, 

 278. 



Cyprinodonts, eggs of, 185. 

 u 



Davidoff, M., phylogenetic table of, 

 compared, 283. 



Davis, J. W., 84. 



Dean, B., 8, 78, 128, 132. 



Deep-sea fishes, lateral line in, 49. 



Defences, v. Dermal and Teeth. 



Dental plate, of Sandalodus, 24 (Fig. 

 28), 28; of sting-ray, 24 (Fig. 29); 

 of eagle-ray, 24 (Fig. 30), 27; of 

 Arthrodirans, 136, 137 (Figs. 138- 

 144); of Dinichthys, 136- 1 38. 



Denticle, v. Dermal defences. 



Dentine, v. Shark, skin of. 



Derm cusps, origin of, 30. 



Dermal defences of fishes, 23-30; of 

 shark, 23, 24 (Figs. 30, 31); evolu- 

 tion of, 24 (Figs. 24-26), 25; of 

 Chimffiroids, 113; of Coccosteus de- 

 cipiens, 132 (Fig. 131); v. Fin 

 spines. 



Dermal sense organs, v. Sensory or- 

 gans, integumentary. 



Development, v. Fishes, Eggs, larval, 

 etc.; comparison table of early, 280, 

 281. 



Devil ray or mantis, v, Dicerobatis. 



Dicerobatis, 95, 96 (Fig. 102 A). 



Digestive tract, comparison tables of, 

 263 (Figs. 326-331). 



Dinichthys, Frontispiece; pineal fun- 

 "^1' 55; general description, 130- 

 138; type specimens in Columbia 

 College Museum, 130 (Frontispiece 

 and Figs. 133-137); fin and fin 

 spine, 131 ; D. intermedins, resto- 

 ration of by Newberry, 133 (Fig. 

 133 and Frontispiece); elater-joint 

 of, 134; dermal, ventral, and pineal 

 plates of, 133 note; dorsal plates in 

 Columbia College Museum, 135; 

 jaws of, 136, 137 (Figs. 138-144); in- 

 ter movement of dental plates of, 138. 



Diphycercal-shaped fin, 35, 37 (Fig. 



47)- 

 Diplognalhus, jaw of, 136, 137 (Figs. 



141-143). 

 Dipliirus, 147, 153,154; D.longicau- 



datus, 154 (Fig. 156). , 



