INDEX 



295 



Paddle-tish, v. Polyodon. 



Palnaspis aniericana, 67 (Fig. 75) ; 

 paired fins or spines, 71 note. 



Palcedaphus, median foramen, 55. 



PalcBoniscus, in classification, 157, 158 

 (Fig. 164); Palseozic, 166 (Fig. 

 171 A). 



PalcEospondylus, in classification, 8; 

 antiquity of, 9, 71 ; P. gunni, 65 

 (Fig. 73), 70; palseichthyic affini- 

 ties, 70; list of authors and their 

 works on Palxospondylus^ 238. 



Pander, 121, 151. 



Paraliparis bathybius, 168 (Fig. 172). 



Parexus^ pectoral fin of, 42 (Fig. 51), 

 44. 



Parker, W. N., 7, 117, 127, 128. 



, T. J., 41, 58. 



Parsons, 5, 6. 



Perca, v. Perch. 



Perch, antiquity of, 9; scales of, 25 

 (Fig. 31 .-/), 26, 171; described, 

 1 74 ; Perca americana ( ^Jiuvia- 

 falis?), 173 (Fig. 181); digestive 

 tract, tables of, 262 (Figs. 326-331). 



Petalodonts, 86. 



,Petromyzon, 61; P. ??iariHus, 60 (Fig. 

 72), 61 (Fig. D), 62; skeleton of, 

 58 (Fig. 69); eggs of, 180-183; 

 eggs of P. niarinits, 181 (Fig. 

 188); fertilization of eggs, 187; 

 development of, 188-192; develop- 

 ment ol P. planeri, 189 (Figs. 200- 

 214); digestive tract, tables of, 262 

 (Fig. 326) ; genital system, tables 

 of, 266; urinogenital ducts and ex- 

 ternal openings, 267 (Fig. 332); 

 excretory system and urinogenital 

 ducts, 270 ; brain of, 272 (Fig. 

 340) ; central nervous system, 274. 



Phaneropleuron, in classification, 8; 

 description of, 122 (Fig. 126). 



Phocana lineata, v. Porpoise. 



Phylogeny, tables of, 98 (Fig. 103), 

 166 (Fig. 171 A); comparison of 

 the phylogenetic tables of the differ- 

 ent authors, 282, 283. 



Phyllopteryx, 178. 



Physostome, 166 (171 A^. 



Pineal eye, 53-56. 



Pipe-fish, v. Syngnathus. 



Pisces, v. Fishes. 



Plectognathi, 176. 



Pleuracanthus, in classification, 8; 

 gill slits, 16; a fossil shark, 78; 

 anatomy and skeleton of, 83 (Fig. 

 90) ; dermal bones of head roof, 

 84 (Fig. 90 A^; teeth of, 84 (Fig. 

 90 j9); affinities of, 95, 98 (Fig. 

 103); anterior spine of dorsal fin, 

 114; tail of, 115; Coccosteiis com- 

 pared with, 131. 



Pleuropterygii, in classification, 8. 



Pogonias, v. Drum-fish. 



Pollard, H. B., 64, 113, 132. 



Polyodon, barbels of, 46, 47 (Fig. 59), 

 48; described, 160-163; P- spatula, 

 162 (Fig. 166^); gills, spiracle, 

 gill rakers, and opercula, tables of, 

 261. 



Polypterus, swim-bladder of, 21, 22 

 (Fig. 1 7) ; origin of derm cusps, 30; 

 caudal fin of, 36, 37 (Fig. 47) ; tail 

 of, 115; skeleton of P. bichir, 144, 



147 (Fig. 147); contrasted with 

 Teleosts, 144; P. bichir described, 



148 (Fig. 148), 149 note; P. lap- 

 radei, 149 (Fig. 149) ; in table of 

 phylogeny, 166 (Fig. 171^); skull 

 and branchial arches, 254 (Fig. 

 314) ; table of relations of skull and 

 branchial arches, 257; comparison 

 tables of gills, spiracle, gill rakers, 

 and opercula, 261 ; digestive tract, 

 tables, 263; swim-bladder, tables, 

 264, 265 (Fig. 17); excretory system 

 and urinogenital ducts, tables, 270. 



Porcupine-fish, v. Chilomycterns. 



Porpoise, striped, lines of, 5 (Fig. 5). 



Port Jackson shark, v. Cestracion. 



Powrie, 82. 



Prionotus, barbels of, 46, 47 (Fig. 60) ^ 

 48. 



Pristiophorus, antiquity of, 9 ; descrip- 

 tion of, 92 (Fig. 99) ; affinities of, 

 96-98 (Fig. 103). 



