136 Influence of Habitat on Plant Habit. 



Table V. 



AFTER THE APTOSIMUM TYPE. 



Sisymbrium, 20, 21 ... ... ... Spain, Syria 



Alyssum, 2fi, 27 ... ... ... ... Sunny places. Orient 



Matthiola acauis ... ... ... ... Deserts, Egypt 



„ humilis... ... ... ... „ ,, 



Fumaria, 20 ... ... ... ... Greece 



There were also 15 species in the 230 examined with leaves 

 distinctly smaller than usual. In some cases the leaves were 

 entirely absent, and the jjlant had rig-id. leafless, often grooved 

 or furrowed branches like the Retama. 



These are given in Table 6. 



Table VI. 



SMALL LEAVES OR RETAMA-LIKE. 



Delphinmm, 14 ... ... ... ... Deserts 



„ nanum ... ... ... Stony places 



„ Balansse ... ... ... Deserts 



,, virgatum ... ... ... Sandy waysides 



„ 'J ... ... ... ... Deserts 



Lepidium, 15 ... ... ... ... Palestine 



Farsetia linearis ... ... ... ... Egypt 



„ oegyptiaca 



Cardamine, 12 ... 



Sisymbrium, 3 ... 

 „ 9, 11 



Iberis, 23 



Plaines marecageuses 



Syria 



Spain 



Arabia, Palestine 



Calcareous soil 



As we should expect from the conclusions of Tschirch (5), 

 Johow (21), Volkens (6), Lindmaun (1), Meigen (2), Areschoug 

 (8), Heuslow (7), and myself {^22), the majority grow in dry 

 places. 



There is an exception, for the Cardamine is said to grow in 

 " plaines marecageuses." If this means estuarine mud, it can be 

 understood, for seaside plants are subjected to strong transpiration, 

 but I have not gathered the plant myself. 



There is also direct evidence, for Stahl (23), Dufour (24), 

 Sorauer (25), and myself (22) have shown that leaves are reduced 

 in surface by exposed conditions. 



