54 Ptolemy's Scotland. 



Car laverock ; Corda, either Castle O'er or Old Cumnock ; Tri- 

 montium. Annan or Langholm. 



3. Damnonii, to the east and north of Selgovae. Towns : — 

 Colanica, Lanark or Carstairs ; A^iadogara, Girvau or Paisley ; 

 Coria, Crawford ? Alauua, Kilsyth 1 Lindum, Ardooh, where 

 are the remains of a Eoman camp ; Victoria, Strageth, near the 

 remains of a Roman road. (Horsley thinks it is Abernethy, near 

 Perth.) 



4. Otalini, to the south-east, from the Forth to the Tyne. 

 Town : Coria, Borthwick Castle. 



5. North of the Damnonii came a number of tribes without 

 towns, the Epidii in Argyleshire, the Cerones, the Creones, 

 the Carnonacse, the Csereni, and the Cornavii. From Loch Fyne 

 to the Moray Firth lived the Caledonii ; north of them was the 

 Caledonian Forest ; to the east were the Decantaj, the Lugi, and 

 the Smertse. 



6. Beyond these were the Vacomagi in Moray and Inverness 

 shires, who had these towns : — Banuatia, Bean Castle, near Nairn ; 

 Taraia, Dunkeld ; the Winged Camp, Burgh Head*, near Inver- 

 ness ; Tuesis, a town near the Spey which had the same name. 



7. To the west of these were the Venicones, with a town 

 called Orrea, said to be Orrock, near the water of Orr in Fife. It 

 may be Anstruther. 



8. More to the east were the Taezali, with a town Devana, 

 now Aberdeen. 



y. The only islands lying- near that of Albion mentioned by 

 Ptolemy are Vectis, Wight ; Tanatis, Thanet ; Coiinus, Convey, 

 at mouth of the Thames. Near the Cape Orcas (Dunnet Head) the 

 island of Scetis, Skye ; the island of Dumna, Lewis ; the islands of 

 Orcades, about 30 in number, the Oi'kney Isles ; beyond them a 

 degree or two, Thule, which must be Mainland, the largest of the 



*The fort called Alata Castra (or the Winged Camp) was probably 

 raised by Lollius Urbicus after his victories in Britannia Barbara, a.d. 139, 

 to repress the incursions of the Caledonian clans, but it was soon aban- 

 doned, and all traces of it were soon obliterated. (See Capitolinus, Life 

 of Antoninus Pius, 5. ) 



