106 Transactions. 



I have not shortened the palm by a finger. 



I have not removed any neighbour's landmarks. 



I have not falsified the balance. 



I have not deprived sucklings of their milk. 



I have not hunted the sacred animals on their feeding grounds. 



I have not snared the diviue birds. 



I have not fished for the sacred fish in their lakes. 



I have not kept off the water in its season. 



I have not tapped a water canal on its passage. 



I have not extinguished the sacred fire when it ought to burn. 



I am pure ! I am pure ! I am pure ! " 



Another appeal to Osiris and his assessors is made in these 

 words : 



" Greeting to you, Gods who are in the hall of truth and 

 justice ; who do not entertain a lie in your breast, but who live on 

 truth at On (Heliopolis), and nourish your heart by means of it, in 

 the presence of the Lord God who dwells in the disc of the sun. 

 Deliver me from Typhon, who feeds on entrails ; magisti'ates in 

 this day of the great judgment, permit the dead to come to you — 

 him who has not sinned, who has neither lied nor done evil, who 

 has committed no crime, but has lived on truth and supported 

 himself with justice ; who has spread joy around, and men speak 

 of it, and the Gods rejoice in it ; who has given bread to the 

 hungry, water to the thirsty, and clothing to the naked ; who has 

 offered sacrifices to the Gods, and brought funeral meals to the 

 dead. Deliver him from himself ; protect him against himself ; do 

 not speak against him before the Lord of the dead, for his mouth 

 is pure, and both his hands are pure." 



We learn from these formulae that the standard of morality 

 with the ancient Egyptians was high. " Not one of the Christian 

 virtues," writes M. Chabas, " is forgotten in the Egyptian code — 

 piety, charity, gentleness, self-command in word and action, 

 chastity, the protection of the weak, benevolence towards the needy, 

 deference to superiors, respect for property in its minutest details, 

 &c." From the al)0ve we gather that the Egyptians of the primeval 

 monarchy had a clear conception of a natural body (" Sahon") and 

 of a spiritual body (•' Ka"), the latter being a faithful but ethereal 

 reproduction of the former, and both separate and distinct from 

 the soul (" Ba"). Thus far the Christian belief runs parallel with 

 the Egyptian. The Egyptian, however, believed that it was only 



