A NOTE ON BROUGH AND BATHUMGATE. 45 



Ordnance map does not give the whole of it, for it extends 

 a good deal farther to the N.W., crossing the Roman road, 

 and extending to Far Coates, or Meadow House. In fact it 

 goes from one side of the valley to the other, and is shown 

 best on the six-inch map. On the Ordnance map of 1836 it 

 is shown as extending continuously in a straight line nearly 

 to the top of Bradwell Edge, in the direction of Abney. It 

 has not been proved that it is Roman. Pilkington, viriting in 

 1789, says "there is no tradition concerning it, but pieces of 

 swords, spears, spurs, and bridle bits have been found very 

 near it."'- When I examined it, in 1901, I found that the 

 width of the convex surface was 45 ft., the height, measured 

 from an imaginary line drawn at right angles to the base, 

 being about lo ft. The boundaries of townships were some- 

 times marked by dykes or trenches. For instance, the town- 

 ships of Kellingley and Knottingley, near Pontefract, were 

 anciently separated from each other by an embankment.^ 

 Grey Dyke, however, does not mark the division between the 

 townships of Bradwell and Brough. It seems therefore to be 

 older than that division. 



The village of Bradwell, which is mentioned in Domesday, 

 is a mile to the south of the Roman Station at Brough, and 

 for a very long period its chief occupation was lead-mining — ■ 

 an industry which has only ceased during the last forty years. 

 Now it is remarkable that a tradition exists in this village, 

 and also in Castleton, that the old inhabitants of Bradwell are 

 the descendants of "convicts," or "transports," as they are 

 popularly described. 



1 found this tradition in 1901, when collecting evidence about 

 the Castleton Garland, for an article which was printed in 

 Folk-lore.^ It seemed to me so remarkable that I made 

 enquiries on the subject from old people in Bradwell and 

 Castleton, and published the result in the introductory part 



^ A View of the Present State of Derbyshire, ii. 403. 



2 " Per fossatam unam que Anglice vocatur Poste-Leiesic, que certificat 

 divisam inter Kellinglaiam et Nottinglaiam." — Pontefract Chartulary 

 (Yorkshire Record Series), i., p. 30. 



3 Vol. xii., p. 394, seqq. 



