38 THE EXCAVATIONS 



means of steps, which may be seen on the plan. When 

 the final measurements at Melandra were being checked 

 early this year (1906), the bank was found to have 

 weathered back, and this red line was so regular and so 

 clearly defined that we measured the angle of the slope 

 in order that it may be shown with the plan of the gate. 

 The line may also be clearly seen in the section north of the 

 east gate, where I have myself several times found 

 the dressed stones, lying, apparently just as they had 

 fallen, upon the broken tiles. 



THE EASTERN GATEWAY. 



This gateway, which is by far the best preserved of all, 

 and gives indications of having been the most massive, 

 was excavated by Mr. Garstang in 1899. As no detailed 

 plan of it has ever been published, a measured plan has 

 now been prepared on the same scale as the other plans, 

 partly for purposes of comparison with the northern 

 entrance, which it so strongly resembles (the latter was a 

 few inches wider), partly because the plan shows in a 

 striking manner on the southern side the way in which 

 the rampart joined up with the gateway tower. No 

 excavation has been done here except such as was required 

 to obtain clean sections of the rampart on either side. In 

 the course of cutting these sections, as mentioned else- 

 where, it was found that the foundations of the gate went 

 one course deeper than had been supposed. A curious 

 irregularity appears at the north-western corner of the 

 plan, both in the courses and the footings. I compared 

 the plan with the gateway before the drawing was inked 

 in, and the twist in the foundations exists exactly as 

 shown. 



The remains of the western srate are so broken and 



