SOME FEATURES OF ROMAN FORTS 65 



centurial stones to have been garrisoned by the same 

 cohort that assisted in building the fort at Manchester. 

 Twelve or fourteen miles south-east of Melandra, we have 

 a smaller fort at Brough, the treasures of which are in 

 the safe keeping of the Derbyshire Archaeological Society, 

 and further to the west, on the Cheshire hills just above 

 Macclesfield, is the little earthwork known as the Toot 

 Hill Camp, which may yet have a story to tell. Finally, 

 some nine miles to the north of Melandra, on the main 

 road * that ran from Chester to York by way of Man- 

 chester, lies the rather unique station of Castleshaw, some- 

 times referred to as an example of the castra unius diet, 

 whose secrets have certainly not yet been fully unearthed. 

 As Mr. Haverfield has written : ^ " A peculiar and addi- 

 tional interest attaches to Melandra, in consequence of its 

 connection with the Roman fort which constituted the 

 earliest beginnings of Manchester. ... At Melandra we 

 can win some picture of what Manchester was in the dim 

 days of its birth under Roman rule." How far is it pos- 

 sible already to recover this picture? Not to mention a 

 number of forts the excavation of which is still in progress, 

 we now have more or less complete plans of Borcovicium,^ 

 Cilurnum,'^ Aesica,^ Bremenium,^ Ardoch,^" Birrens,^^ 

 Camelon,^^ Lyne,^^ and Gellygaer;^* and to come nearer 



4. The second Iter of Antonine. 



5. Unpublished note on Melandra. 



6. Arch, ^lian., xxv., p. 193. 



7. 76. X., etc. 



8. 76. xxiv., p. 19. 



9. Jour. Roy. Arch. Inst., i. 



10. Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., xxxii. 



11. 76. XXX. 



12. 76. XXXV. 



13. 76. xxxix. 



14. Ward : The Roman Fort of Gellygaer. 



