LEGIO XX. 115 



mainly towards the nortli and west. By liard fighting lie 

 advanced through the territory of the Silures and Ordo- 

 vices in S. and N. Wales, establishing the XlVth Legion 

 at Wroxeter^ (Viroconium); thence he pushed on against 

 the Cangi, in Carnarvonshire, Denbigh and Flint, and it 

 may very well be that in this campaign he first established 

 the Roman camp at Chester (Deva), which either then 

 (51 A.D.) or very soon after became the headquarters of 

 the XXth Legion. In 59 a.d. Britain received a new 

 governor in Suetoniiis Paulinus, who spent his first two 

 years in completing the subjugation of N. Wales ; when, at 

 the end of that time, he proceeded with the XIYth Legion 

 to the conquest of Anglesey,^ he seems to have left the 

 XXth behind him in camp at Deva. Ostorius had been 

 recalled from Wales by trouble with the Brigantes, a 

 powerful tribe occupying Lancashire, Westmoreland, 

 Northumberland, Durham and Yorkshire ; and the posi- 

 tion of Deva was admirably chosen to protect an army 

 advancing into Wales from an attack in the rear by the 

 Brigantes. Like Ostorius, Paulinus was suddenly recalled 

 from his Welsh campaign by the news that the Iceni and 

 other tribes in the S.E. of Britain had risen under Queen 

 Boudicca ' and cut to pieces the IXth Legion at Camulo- 

 dunum. Returning through Deva in great haste Suetonius 

 reinforced his XlVth Legion with veterans of the XXth 

 (vexillarii vicesimani),^ and these seasoned troops had the 

 distinction of aiding in the overwhelming defeat which 



5. Tac. Ann. xii., 31 (cf. Bury. Roman Empire, ch. xvi., note B) : 

 C.I.L. vii., 155. 



6. Tac. Ann. xiv., 29-30. 



7. Tac. Ann. xiv., 31 — 37. The form Boadicea, or Boudicea, under 

 which the name of this queen has come down to the modern world, is 

 due to the error of an early printed edition of the Agricola (cf. Furneaux 

 on Tac. Agr. ch. xvi.) : the name survives in the modern Welsh 

 "Buddug" ( = Victoria). 



8. Tac. Ann. xiv., 34. 



