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LEGIO XX. 117 



territory. Tlie need of a strong permanent garrison at 

 Deva gradually disappeared, as the natives grew more 

 submissive to the Roman dominion; and in Hadrian's 

 reign (117 — 138 a.d.) a considerable part, if not the wbole, 

 of the XXth was employed in the building and defence of 

 the great North Wall from the Solway Firth to the mouth 

 of the Tyne.i2 In the next reign, that of Antoninus Pius 

 (138 — 161), the Legion was again — or still — in the North, 

 building the wall from the Clyde to the Forth along the 

 line of Agricola's Wall (circa 140 — 144 a.d.).i3 There it 

 remained apparently till some nine years later. In 153 

 A.D. " the soldiers of the XXth Legion " erected at Bird- 

 oswald (Amhoglanna) an altar to the British god 

 Cocidius.^* We may conjecture that it then returned to 

 its old quarters at Deva ; for an altar to Jupiter Tanarus ^^ 

 was dedicated by an officer of the Legion at Chester in the 

 following year (154 a.d.). This conclusion is not certain, 

 as the legion may have been divided, different portions of 

 it garrisoning the North Wall and Deva simultaneously, 

 though the altar of 153 reads as though it was dedicated 

 by the whole Legion.^* When Severus and Caracalla 

 visited Deva (207-8), the Legion was still there, as is 

 shown by an altar dedicated by one of its officers. Flavins 

 Longus.^^ Part, or the whole, of the Legion again accom- 



12. Cf. C.I.L. vii., 623. "Legio vi. pia fidelis : vexillatio legionis 

 XX. Val. Vic." (found at Carraw) : C.I.L. vii., 749 (at Caervoran). 



13. Cf. C.I.L. vii., 1133, 1137, 1139, 1141—3 : the first of these is re- 

 produced in facsimile in "An Account of the Roman Antiquities pre- 

 served in the Museum at Chesters" (published by Gilbert and Rivington), 

 p. 33 and runs — " Imperatore Csesare Tito Aelio Hadriano Antonino 

 iii." (i.e. tria millia). 



14. C.I.L. vii., 802 Deo Cocidio milites legionis xx. VV. votum 

 .solverunt libentes merito Apro et Rufino consulibus." 



15. C.I.L., vii., 168. "Jovi Optimo Maximo T. Elupius (? Flavins?) 

 Galeria (tribu) Praesens Guntia princeps legionis xx. VV. Commode et 

 Laterano consulibus votum solvit libens merito." 



16. C.I.L. vii., 167. "Pro salute Dominorum nostrorum invictis- 

 simorum Augustorum G«nio loci Fl. Longus, tribunus militum Legionis 

 XX. VV. et Longinus filius ejus domo Samosata votum solverunt." 



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