114 KANSAS UMVERSITV QUARTERLY. 



number 14 along the Neosho River. It has been cjuarried quite a 

 little near Strong City, but such ciuarries are now almost abandoned. 

 It disappears beneath the surface near the ford close to Evans 

 Junction. 



Another system of bluish shale 15 or 20 feet thick takes us to lime- 

 stone number 15, which is about 40 feet thick where it is exposed 

 along the bluffs of the Cottonwood river between Strong City and 

 Elmdale. This is probably the equivalent of number 15 in the 

 Neosho river section, which, it will be remembered, was the heaviest 

 limestone bed found above the lola limestone. On the Cottonwood 

 river it is much heavier than along the Neosho, but is less character- 

 ized by flint nodules than the latter, although even here there is 

 present an unusually large amount of flint. The stone is of sufiKcient 

 purity to make a good quality of lime, which has resulted in the 

 establishment of lime-making industries at different places. Near the 

 top of the system one layer is about 12 feet thick, and would make 

 a valuable building stone were it not so filled with flint nodules that 

 it cannot easily be worked. This system ]iasses out of sight beneath 

 the surface near Crawford. 



Another shale bed 30 or 40 feet thick brings us to limestone system 

 number 16, which may be seen along the hill-tops a short distance 

 east of the Elmdale mill, and continues to less than a mile above 

 Clements. It has been quarried locally in different jilaces, but is not 

 a very desirable stone. 



Number 17 begins below Clements and ends above Cedar (irove. 

 It consists of two strata separated by a thin bed of shale. The 

 lower stratum is thin and uniuiportant; the upper one reaches a 

 thickness of 16 feet, and contains a number of different cpiarries, but 

 is so soft it has little value. 



Above number 17 some 30 or 40 feet are occupied principally by 

 sandstone at this place, above which limestone number 18 is found 

 on top of a high bluff between Cedar Crove and Florence. Where it 

 first appears it is about 4 feet in thickness, but in the vicinity of 

 Florence it has increased to 12 or more feet. It has been quarried 

 in different places to a limited e.xtent. 



.\bove this, two other limestone systems are seen, numbers 19 

 and 20, the first of which is 30 or 40 feet above number 18, and 

 the second almost an ecjual distance above the first. Each is an 

 unusually thin system. Number 19 is especially worthy of mention 

 on account of the large amount of flint nodiiles it contains. Each 

 begins east of Horners, and ends between Horners and Peabody. 

 Beyond these no limestone was found below Peabody, the end of the 

 section. 



