REPORT OM FIELD WORK IN GEOLOGY. II7 



of these underlying strata to settle such points. At present we feel 

 safe in correlating the Altoona limestone with the Erie. But regarding 

 the Independence limestone we can only suggest that it is the same as 

 the Oswego limestone, without feeling sure about it. 



Above the lola limestone we find a bed of shale about 60 feet thick, 

 above whicli there is a thin bed of limestone characterized by its 

 unusually compact and fine texture, conchoidal fracture, and blue 

 color. It is exposed along a deep railroad cut which is known locally 

 as the "blue cut," in allusion to the limestone. The nature of this 

 limestone and its distance above the lola system strongly indicates 

 that it is the Carlyle limestone. 



Above this there is a heavy bed of shale covering a large amount 

 of sandstone. This is about 125 feet thick, possibly a little more. 

 At its summit a little vein of coal is found. Above this a limestone 

 is found which possibly corresponds to the Garnet-Burlington lime- 

 stone. We recognize the danger in attempting to correlate such 

 light bodies of limestone whea so widely separated as are Toronto and 

 Garnett or Ottawa. Still it is fairly well established that this system 

 extends to Burlington almost unchanged, and if not to Toronto it 

 musf disappear rather suddenly, and another system appear in about 

 the same place possessing properties similar to those of the Burlington- 

 Garnett limestone. 



Abo\'e the Toronto limestone we have 75 feet of sandstone and 

 shale, then another limestone system exposed on the hill-side around 

 .Virgil. In the same hills we have another 75 feet of sandstone and 

 shale, and at the summit a limestone system which also caps the hills 

 at Hill Top. These limestones are thin, and relatively unimportant. 

 Their positions are well illustrated in figure i, plate V. 



.About half way between Hill Top and Madison another unimport- 

 ant limestone system appears, but soon passes. under the surface. In 

 the hills at Madison four distinct strata of limestone occur separated 

 from each other by from 20 to 30 feet of shale. Underneath the 

 second one of these there is a thin layer of coal, but it is not of any 

 considerable economic importance. 



Evidently a summing up of the relative amounts of limestone and 

 sandstone and shale here would show a larger proportion of limestone- 

 than was obtained in the Neesho river section, for it includes the 

 three heavy systems, — the Oswego, the I^rie, and the lola, — and 

 reaches only a relatively short distance above the latter. 



In thus hastily giving a brief outline of the rock formations as they 

 are seen in passing up the river from Coffeyville to Madison, no 

 attempt has been made t.) give more than a general description of the 

 different formations. But we trust that by mapping them as they 



