Il8 KANSAS UNIVERSITY QUARTERLY. 



occur, and correlating a few of them with well known formations in 

 other parts of the state our labors may lay a foundation serviceable to 

 others, or to ourseh'es at some future time, should a detailed study of 

 the section be made. 



A Gcolog-ic Section along the A. T. & S. .F. R. R. from Cherry- 

 vale to Lawrence, and from Ottawa to Holliday. 



ERASMUS HAWORTH. 



[Thi.s section is located along the rallro.i.l line. Tiie surface contours are taken from a 

 condensed contour kludly furuisheJ bv the chief engineer of the road, and represent 

 the level of the rail. 1 



a. THE CHERRYVALE-LAWRENCE SECTJON. 



To the south, southeast, and southwest of Cherryvale stand a 

 number of isolated mounds which rise from 125 to 175 feet above the 

 surrounding valley. The summits of such mounds are Hat, the sides 

 steep and even, so that tlie mounds appear to be steep, truncatetl 

 cones. The first one south of town was e.vamined and found to 

 consist of a great mass of shale reaching from the bottom to the top, 

 and is covered with a thin layer of limestone not more than two or 

 three feet thick. The limestone shows that it has been greatly 

 eroded, and the peculiarly shaped irregular surface indicates that the 

 erosion was produced by the slow process of weathering, rather than 

 by the rapid action of mechanical agents. 



The sides of the mound are steep, so much so that the cow or th^. 

 horse could hardly ascend them. Tlie wells are strewu with partially 

 ilecayed shale and fragments from the limestone at the top, in some 

 places so fresh and abundant that vegetation has not yet gotten a 

 start. The mounds in the vicinity are similar, differing principally in 

 size and shape. From an occasional one the limestone is entirely 

 gone, and the sharp apex of the hill shows that its protection has not 

 long been missed; others are more rounded, indicating that the lime- 

 stone has been longer removed. 



From various lines of correlation it is decided that this limestone 

 ■ capping the mounds south of Cherryvale is the Erie limestone, num- 

 bered 3 in the Neosho river section. It corresponds to it in position, 

 general physical and lithologic properties, as well as in fossil contents 

 so far as determined. 



A hundred feet or more below this another limestone is exposed 

 along the railroad. It dips gently to the north, so that the down 

 grade of the track towards town does not place it below the limestone. 

 In the town different borings have shown that it underlies all Cherry- 



