124 KANSAS UNIVERSITY QUARTERLY. 



About eight feet above the Oread limestone another thin layer is 

 found, which is exposed immediately in front of the main University 

 building. It is only a few inches in thickness here where its upper 

 surface has been eroded, but what its normal thickness is cannot be 

 told, as its extent to the west has not been determined, and therefore 

 it has not been seen with a protective covering. 



On the assumption that the different formations passed in this 

 section continue to the north at about the same thickness they indi- 

 vidually have when observed, the following estimate would show about 

 the nature of the section at Lawrence, beginning with the top lime- 

 stone at the University.* 



Total ThifUness. I^imestone. 



Limestone i ft. i 



Shale S " 



Oread limestone lo " lo 



Shale and Listitute limestone wjih ) 



, , , JIG" •? 



heavy sandstone in jilaccs, \ ^ 



Ottawa limestone lo " lo 



Shale 40 " 



(Jarnett limestone and si, ale 30 " 20 



Shale 150 " 



Carlyle limestone <S " 8 



lola shale 75 *' 



lola limestone 40 " 40 



(Ihanute shale 125 " 



Erie limestone 60 " 60 



Shale 1 00 " 



Total to Oswego limestone 867 " 152 



Of this 867 feet 152 are limestone, and the remaining 715 shale 

 and sandstone. This gives a ratio of limestone to shale and sand- 

 stone of I : 4. 7, or of limestone to total thickness of i : 5.7. It is 

 interesting to note the close relation between these figures and 

 those obtained similarly for the Xeosho river section, which are 

 1 : 5, and i : 6. 



The distance from Lawrence to Cherryvale by the railroad is 

 about 125 miles, or 120 miles on a straight line. The difference in 

 elevation is 150 feet. Subtracting this from the 867 feet it gives 71 7 

 feet, which represents the dip of the rock in this distance, or a little 

 less than six feet to the mile upon the average. 



*Two deep wells have been bored at Lawrence, one at the foot of Xew Hampshire 

 street near the river, and one near the A.. T & S. F. freight depot. The record or neither 

 well at all agrees with this section. But it must be said that they agree with each other 

 no more closely, although louatctl less than half a mile apart. The writer ktiows nothing 

 about the reliability of the well records furnished him. 



