1919] Walker: Structure of Orthopteroid Insects 271 



Crampton ('15)^ considers them as probably members of 

 the " Panisoptera, " to which the first two named groups belong. 

 CaudelP likewise finds their nearest allies in the Isoptera. 

 Unfortunately, I have been unable to obtain specimens of 

 Zorotypus and can therefore add nothing to what has already 

 been written concerning it. 



The systematic position of Gryllohlatta has been discussed 

 in several papers by Crampton^ as well as in the original 

 description by the present writer (loc. cit.)- Its extraordinary 

 synthetic character is indicated by the variety of orders with 

 which it has been found to have important features in common. 



As regards Prof. Crampton's opinions on the relationships of 

 the Orthopteroid orders in general, a few words may be said 

 here. He has expressed views on this subject in several papers 

 ('15, '16, '17, '18, '19)^ and these have been modified somewhat 

 from time to time, especially with regard to the position of 

 Grylloblatta. which will be discussed later. His latest views 

 appeared in a paper entitled "Notes on the Phylogeny of the 

 Orthoptera, " and are summarized in his diagram on p. 43 ('19).^ 

 They differ from those of Handlirsch mainly in the following 

 points : 



1. The Isoptera, owing to the possession of certain primitive 

 characters not found in living Blattids and Mantids, are rep- 

 resented as arising, not directly from the Blattid branch, but 

 from the base of the common stem of the Blattidae and Mantidse, 

 or possibly somewhat farther along its path of development. 



2. The Phasmidas arose, not from Saltatorial Orthoptera 

 (Locustopsidas) , but from near the base of the common 

 Orthopteran stem, a view which is supported particularly 

 by the presence of Plecopteroid characters in the primitive 

 Phasmid, Timema calijornica. 



3. The Dermaptera are likewise not regarded as of 

 Orthopteran origin, but are separately derived from the common 

 stock, from which all the pterygote orders arose. 



4 Crampton, G. C. Ent. Xews, Vol. XXVI, p. 343 (1915). 



5 Caudell, A. N. Can. Ent.. Vol. L, p. 381 (1918). 



« Crampton, G. C, Ent. Xews, Vol. XXX, pp. 42-48, 64-65 (1919). (See also 

 following footnote.) 



^Crampton, G. C, Ent. News, Vol. XXVI, pp. 337-350, PI. XIII (1915); 

 Ent. News. Vol. XXVII, pp. 2i4-258, 297-307 (1916): Can. Ent.. Vol. XLIX, pp. 

 213-217, Fig. 9 (1917); Ent. News, Vol. XXVIII, pp. 398-413, PI. XXVII (1917); 

 Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Vol. XXV, pp. 22.5-237 (1917); Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, 

 Vol. XIII, pp. 49-68, Pis. II-VII (1918); Ent. News, Vol. XXX, pp. 42-48; 64-72 

 (1919). 



