278 Annals Entomological Society of America [Vol. XII, 



Orthoptera. 



Tettigonoidea (Tettigoniidae) . 



As the ovipositor and associated parts in this group reach 

 a high state of development and are at the same time of a 

 remarkably generalized type, it seems best to consider it first. 



The ovipositor varies enormously in length, form and 

 armature, but with these features we need not be concerned. 

 It will suffice for our purpose to examine one of the more 

 primitive and one of the more specialized types. 



Of the genera studied, we have found the most primitive 

 types of ovipositor in the cricket-like forms belonging to the 

 Stenopelmatinas and Rhaphidophorinas. The well-known "stone- 

 crickets" belonging to the genus Ceuthophiliis, of the latter sub- 

 family, illustrate this type well. 



In Ceiithophilus (e. g. C. lapidicola Burm.) (Figs. 1-4), the 

 ovipositor shows comparatively little tendency towards the 

 pronounced lateral compression or blade-like character of the 

 more typical green grasshoppers and katydids. It is sub- 

 cylindrical in the stouter basal part, becoming more com- 

 pressed distally. The dorsal valvulag overlap the other two 

 pairs, completely concealing the inner valvules, and there is no 

 tongue-and-groove connection between the dorsal and ventral 

 valvulae, such an engagement existing only between the ventral 

 and inner valvulae. The ventral valvulas are closely applied 

 together, meeting along the mid-ventral line. The basivalvulse 

 are distinct, though not heavily chitinized and are not wholly 

 concealed by the rather small subgenital plate. Between the 

 basivalvula, ninth tergite and base of the dorsal valvula, is 

 the subtriangular valvifer, the upper angle of which is articu- 

 lated with the ectal margin of the base of the dorsal valvula. 

 Its antero-dorsal and antero-ventral margins are raised inter- 

 nally into strong ridges, (Fig. 4), the latter being continuous 

 with the intertergal apodeme, which runs for a moderate 

 distance along the front margin of the ninth tergite and ter- 

 minates abruptly. 



The inner edges of the dorsal valvulae meet at a point near 

 the base, proximad of which they diverge again slightly, but 

 at the extreme base (excluding the superior apophyses) they are 

 closely united by the small triangular superior intervalvula, 

 which, as usual, projects beneath as a median vertical apodeme. 



