18 



Rud. Grauer leg. No. 1746, type in Tring 



Mus.] 



E. African Gymnogene. 



Wing ? 445-450 mm. ; more heavily barred 

 below, black bars wider than white bars. 



Gen. XVIII. CIRCUS Lacep. (1799). 

 Types by subs, desig. (Lesson 1828) Falco ceruginosus L. 



Sides of face feathered ; with distinct facial ruff ; 

 lores furnished with bristles ; nostrils oval with 

 no bony excrescence ; tarsus reticulated behind ; 

 size moderate ; length (males) 17-22.50 in. ; 

 females 19-24.50 in 



Key to Natural Groups and Species (Males). 



A. Above bluish ashy, or greyish, 

 a. Thighs uniform white. 



■|"34. Circus cyaneus cyanens (Linn.), S.N., i., 

 p. 126 (1766). [ex. Edwards: Europe = 

 London, apud Hartert.] 

 Hen Harrier. 



Wing S 335-360, $ 380-400 mm. ; throat 

 and chest bluish ashy ; upper tail-coverts 

 white. 



Europe and 

 Siberia ; N.E. 

 Africa, India, 

 China, Japan 

 (winter) . 



f *34a. Circus cyaneus hudsonius (Linn.), S.N., i., N. America, 



p. 128 (1766). [ex. Edwards — Hudson's Central America 



Bay.] and W. Indies 



Marsh Hawk. (winter). 



Wing (^ 354, $ 380 mm. ; more brownish 

 ashy above and below. 



