74 



rufous, breast varied with creamy buff and 

 throat streaked with brown ; belly not 

 obviously barred in adult. Immature 

 whitish below, streaked on chest and barred 

 or blotched on belly with rufous to dark 

 brown ; tail ashy-brown, more or less 

 washed with rufous and with 9 or 10 

 blackish bars. 



flSSa. Buteo viilpinus intermedins Menzbier, Orn. 

 Turkestan, p. 197 (1888). [West of Russia.] 

 Rufous Buzzard. 

 {=B. zinimermanncc Ehmeke.] 



Size similar to B. nil pi mis viilpinus but 

 ah\ays smaller than B. hiiico btiteo ; wing 

 S 350-82, ^ 366-93 ; hrst 4 primaries 

 notched exactly as in B. viilpiiius ; above 

 similar, but tail always barred (8-9 bars), the 

 interspaces either bright ferruginous red, or 

 strongly washed ^^^th the same ; below 

 more heavily marked than in B. buteo buteo ; 

 breast, abdomen and under tail cov'erts 

 heavily barred transversely with rufous 

 brown. Young : less rufous ; tail ashy 

 gre3^ more or less washed with rufous and 

 with dark bars ; below more striped and 

 blotched instead of barred (scarcely dis- 

 tinguishable from young of B. viilpinus 

 viilpinus). 



E. Prussia to 

 Esthonia, and 

 Innland (except 

 X. & W ), 

 Russia, N. to 

 Archangel, S. to 

 Central and 

 S.W. Russia, W. 

 to Roumania 

 and Bulgaria ; 

 cas. in W. 

 Europe. 



*fl39. Buteo ferox ferox (S. G. Gmel.), N. Comm. 

 Acad. Petrop. xv., 1770, p. 442, pi. x. 

 (1771). \_Astrakan.\ 

 Long-legged Buzzard. 



]\Iuch larger : wdng S 410-445, tail 265, 

 tarsus 96 mm., $ wing 455-482 mm. ; breast 

 huffish to pale rufous with dark shaft 

 streaks ; abdomen, flanks and thighs rufous 

 to chocolate brown, unbarred ; tail pale 



S.E. Europe 

 (cas. S. & W. 

 Europe), Egypt, 

 Arabia, x^sia 

 Minor, W. & C. 

 Asia and 

 Himalayas ; in 

 winter S. to 

 N.\\'. India and 

 Sudan. 



